Model and experimental investigations of aluminum oxide slurry transportation and vaporization behavior for nebulization inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

Slurry nebulization in plasmas for analysis of advanced ceramic materials

“…Vibration mills 19,22,23 consist of a torus-shaped or cylindrical shaped shell. The solid is contained in the shell, together with the beads for grinding, and vibrated.…”

Analysis of rice and wheat flour by particle nebulization ICP-MS

“…The upper limits or cut-off sizes ranged from 8.0 (wheat) to 7.5 mm (rice), which are consistent with that of the tea materials (7.3 mm) in slurry nebulization ICP-MS analysis 36 and the ceramic materials (7-10 mm) in slurry nebulization ICP-OES analysis. 37 Particle ionization behavior was studied in terms of the RIE, which is used to normalize the response signal of analyte in particle nebulization to that in the aqueous standard containing an equivalent concentration of the same element (Experimental Section 2.2). As shown in Table 4, the upper size limit for particles that can be completely ionized (RIE > 95%) in ICP is 3.5 mm for wheat material and 3.3 mm for rice powder, respectively.…”

Slurry nebulisation ICP-MS direct determination of high field strength elements (Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf) in silicate rocks

“…An alternative technique based on the direct introduction of aqueous suspensions of nely powdered solids (5-10 mm), termed slurry nebulisation, has been successfully applied to the direct ICP optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analyses of refractory materials. [35][36][37][38][39] The slurry nebulisation technique offers unique advantages over other types of solid sample introduction methods such as laser ablation (LA) 40 or electrothermal evaporation (ETV) 41 because it has the potential for calibration with aqueous standards, together with essentially a conventional pneumatic sample introduction system. 42 Although ICP-MS typically presents a three-order of magnitude sensitivity and simple spectra better than those from ICP-OES, there are few reports [43][44][45] in the literature of slurry nebulisation in ICP-MS, probably due to its low intolerance for matrix effects owing to particle deposition on the sampler cone, and the consequent need to dilute that impairs the detection capability.…”