Mode Shift from Car to Bike Shared: A Travel-Mode Choice Model

Impact Evaluation of Bike-Sharing on Bicycling Accessibility

“…The choice set (private bike, shared bike) represents a binary choice. Based on the study by Song et al [27], will be less than if the bicycling frequency is high enough (see Figure 1). When the choice set is (private bike), only private bikes are available.…”

“…The travel cost for a single trip was calculated instead of its travel distance, because bikes are usually used for trips of less than 5 km [31][32][33], and the range of travel distances is small. Based on the research by Song et al [27], the bicycling cost of one trip by private bike was determined by vehicle purchase cost, maintenance cost, service life, and usage frequency. The calculation method of Song et al [27] was utilised herein; bicycling cost with a private bike, c private = C day private / f , where c day private , is the cost for owing a private bike for one day, and f is the bicycling frequency (number of trips by bike per day) with the density function h( f ).…”

“…Based on the research by Song et al [27], the bicycling cost of one trip by private bike was determined by vehicle purchase cost, maintenance cost, service life, and usage frequency. The calculation method of Song et al [27] was utilised herein; bicycling cost with a private bike, c private = C day private / f , where c day private , is the cost for owing a private bike for one day, and f is the bicycling frequency (number of trips by bike per day) with the density function h( f ). The bicycling cost of one trip by shared bike is the fare c shared .…”

“…For example, electric bikes travel at higher speeds, resulting in reduced travel times and, therefore, increasing BAcc [25,26]. Similarly, shared bikes do not have purchase or maintenance costs [27], leading to differences in travel costs compared to private shared bikes.…”

“…BAcc is currently determined on the use of private bikes and rarely considers shared bikes. The private-bicycling group has a relatively fixed size and high frequencies of bicycling because travelers with lower bicycling frequencies have higher bicycling costs (the cost of using an available bike for a trip), causing most of them to choose other travel modes [27]. The high and concentrated frequency of private bicycling makes bicycling costs relatively low and very consistent.…”