Mode of action of fosthiazate used for the control of the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida

Abstract

Fosthiazate (Nemathorin 1OG Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Ltd, Japan) is a new nematicide approved for use on potatoes Solanum tuberosum L. in the UK for the control of the potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis (Woll). Skarbilovich and G. pallida (Stone). Fosthiazate delayed and suppressed hatch of the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida in both in vitro laboratory tests and a glasshouse pot experiment. In vitro hatch was temporarily inhibited by fosthiazate concentrations above 0.09 pg ml-I and increasing the fosthiazate concentration further prolonged the duration of hatch inhibition. Analysis of fosthiazate soil concentrations, using high-pressure liquid chromatography, during the glasshouse experiment showed that hatch was suppressed in the soil at concentrations above 0.5 mg kg-'. Other factors such as the paralysis of hatched nematodes in the soil solution are also involved. Nelmes A J. 1970. The behavioural response of Heterodera rostochiensis larvae to aldicarb and its sulfoxide and sulfone. Journal of Nematology 2:223-227. Nordmeyer D. 1992. The search for novel nematicidal compounds. In Nematology from molecule to ecosystem, pp. 281-293. Eds F J Gommers and P W Th Maas. Dundee: European Society of Nematologists. 123~83-9 1. th010g~ 18:155-172.

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“…Additionally, treatment of cysts with fosthiazate does not permanently inhibit hatching. It only slows down the hatching rate and this is in agreement with the findings by Woods et al (1999) on potato cyst nematodes. While as inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by oxime carbamates like aldicarb and oxamyl is reversible, the process is thought to be irreversible with fosthiazate (Richard, 1960;Yu et al, 1972) and this was supported by the limited number of hatched infective juveniles in comparison to the control.…”

“…Fosthiazate is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that negatively affects nematode hatching and movement (Woods et al, 1999). Thus, this could explain the slow progress of hatching compared to the control in our experiment.…”

“…Thus, being non-fumigants and their selectivity to act against plant parasitic nematodes could make them better alternatives for the control of cyst nematodes. Fosthiazate is already used in the UK for control of potato cyst nematode (Woods et al, 1999). Efficacy of fosthiazate at higher application rates is comparable to soil fumigation using effective fumigants (Pullen and Fortnum, 1999).…”

Effect of Three Organophosphorous Nematicides on Non-target Nematodes and Soil Microbial Community

“…Fosthiazate and cadusafos are used in Japan and other countries. Their high levels of activity toward plant parasitic nematodes have already been reported 12,22,25,44) .…”

Proteomic response of wheat embryos to fosthiazate stress in a protected vegetable soil

“…Studies have shown that fosthiazate exhibits efficacy in field plots similar to other non-fumigant nematicides against a wide range of plant parasitic nematodes (Hafez and Sundararaj, 2006;Kimpinski et al, 1997;Woods et al, 1999). Following the ban on the use of other organophosphorus nematicides with high toxicity and methyl bromide on vegetables due to their adverse effect on the environment and human health, fosthiazate, whose use has been rising exponentially in recent years, is considered to be one of the most efficient nematicides in controlling root-knot nematodes in protected crops (Giannakou et al, 2005).…”