Mode of action of chitosan and ASM for the control of Cercospora leaf spot on table beet

Felipini, Ricardo Barbosa; Luiz, Caroline; Costa, Maíra Elena Borges; Piero, Robson Marcelo Di

doi:10.1007/s40858-015-0029-5

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In plants treated with chitosan, the elicitation of phytoalexin and phenolic precursors, an increased production of chitinases, and reduced levels of aflatoxin together with other factors relevant for plant defense have been described [1,2]. Notably, a successful test for preventive chitosan treatment of table beet to decrease CLS was carried out recently [33]. Moreover, foliar spray with Trichoderma spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite its strong plant-beneficial efficacy, only a few studies dealt with application of Trichoderma strains to induced resistance against sugar beet pathogens so far [27][28][29][30][31][32] and only one investigated Trichoderma as a potential BCA against CLS [28]. In a recent study, the high potential of chitosan in combination with a commercially available resistance inducer (Acibenzolar-S-Methyl, ASM) as a foliar spray on table beet against CLS was demonstrated [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Multilateral Efficacy of Chitosan and Trichoderma on Sugar Beet

Kappel

Kosa

Gruber

2022

JoF

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The majority of all fungal formulations contain Trichoderma spp., making them effective biological control agents for agriculture. Chitosan, one of the most effective natural biopolymers, was also reported as a plant resistance enhancer and as a biocide against a variety of plant pathogens. An in vitro three-way interaction assay of T. atroviride, chitosan, and important plant pathogens (such as Cercospora beticola and Fusarium oxysporum) revealed a synergistic effect on fungistasis. Furthermore, chitosan coating on Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris seeds positively affected the onset and efficiency of germination. We show that priming with T. atroviride spores or chitosan leads to the induced expression of a pathogenesis-related gene (PR-3), but only supplementation of chitosan led to significant upregulation of phytoalexin synthesis (PAL) and oxidative stress-related genes (GST) as a defense response. Repeated foliar application of either agent promoted growth, triggered defense reactions, and reduced incidence of Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) disease in B. vulgaris. Our data suggest that both agents are excellent candidates to replace or assist common fungicides in use. Chitosan triggered the systemic resistance and had a biocidal effect, while T. atroviride mainly induced stress-related defense genes in B. vulgaris. We assume that both agents act synergistically across different signaling pathways, which could be of high relevance for their combinatorial and thus beneficial application on field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multilateral Efficacy of Chitosan and Trichoderma on Sugar Beet

Kappel

Kosa

Gruber

2022

JoF

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“…The parenchyma polysaccharides were solubilized in distilled water (1.5 mg/mL). After stirring for 15 min in Ultra-Turrax (20,000 rpm), the suspension was autoclaved (20 min, 120°C), cooled (25 o C) and incubated (4°C) for 12 h (Felipini et al 2015), then 0.1% of a emulsifier mixture (Tween 20 and Triton, 1:1 v/v) was added, resulting in the suspension of aloe polysaccharides (AP).…”

Section: Extraction Of Aloe Polysaccharides and Development Of Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulsions of essential oils and aloe polysaccharides: Antimicrobial activity and resistance inducer potential against Xanthomonas fragariae

Luiz

Neto

Franco

et al. 2017

Trop. plant pathol.

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Bacterial angular leaf spot disease (Xanthomonas fragariae) is an important strawberry disease and responsible for significant yield losses. The efficacy of emulsions containing tea tree or palmarosa essential oils (EO) against angular leaf spot, seeking to elucidate their mode of action, was evaluated in this study. Tea tree or palmarosa EO were added in an aqueous suspension of aloe polysaccharide (AP) and tea tree EO emulsion (TAP) and palmarosa EO microemulsion (PAP) were obtained. The antimicrobial potential of AP, TAP and PAP were evaluated in plants of two cultivars (Albion and San Andreas). The ability of these preparations to reduce disease severity and to activate plant defenses were evaluated. AP, TAP and PAP reduced X. fragariae growth by up to 44.0%, 94.4% and 86.1%, respectively. In addition, T AP and P AP suppressed completely the symptoms in both cultivars. Increased activities of superoxide dismutase, dismutase, catalase and peroxidase were observed in the more susceptible cultivar (Albion) treated with the emulsions, while a higher concentration of total phenolic compounds was verified in the less susceptible cultivar (San Andreas). Thus, emulsions with EO and AP can be used to control angular leaf spot by activating latent defense mechanisms in strawberry.

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“…con diferente modo o mecanismo bioquímico de acción en los programas de manejo antiresistencia de fungicidas (Dooley et al, 2015); 4) complementar el uso de fungicidas con inductores de la resistencia (ej. quitosanos, fosfitos) (Carmona y Sautua, 2011;Carmona et al, 2011c;Mercado Cárdenas et al, 2011;Ravotti et al, 2012;Elesgaray et al, 2014;Felipini et al, 2015), agentes de control biológico (Agaras et al, 2012;Simonetti et al, 2015), y cuando estén disponibles usar métodos no químicos, como por ejemplo métodos culturales (MIE). Respetar e integrar todas las estrategias de manejo integrado disponibles; 5) complementar el uso de fungicidas con fertilizantes.…”

Section: Discusión Generalunclassified

Sensibilidad y resistencia a fungicidas de <i>Cercospora kikuchii</i>, agente causal del tizón de la hoja y mancha púrpura de la semilla de la soja

Sautua¹

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En Argentina, diferentes especies de Cercospora causan el tizón de la hoja (TH) y la mancha púrpura de la semilla (MPS) en soja. Debido a que no hay variedades de soja resistentes disponibles en el mercado, el manejo de TH/MPS depende en gran medida de aplicaciones de fungicidas. En este estudio se determinó la sensibilidad de 62 cepas de Cercospora argentinas a fungicidas inhibidores de la desmetilación (DMI), carbamato de metilbenzimidazol (MBC), inhibidores de la quinona externa (QoI), inhibidores de la succinato deshidrogenasa (SDHI) y mancozeb. Todos los aislados fueron sensibles a difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, protioconazole, tebuconazole y cyproconazole (los valores de EC50 variaron de 0,006 a 2,4 µg mL-1). Por el contrario, la mitad (51%) de los aislados fueron sensibles (los valores de EC50 variaron de 0,003 a 0,2 µg mL-1) y la mitad (49%) altamente resistentes (EC50> 100 µg mL-1) a carbendazim. Todos los aislados fueron completamente resistentes a azoxystrobina, trifloxystrobina, pyraclostrobina e insensibles a boscalid, fluxapyroxad y pydiflumetofen (EC50 > 100 µg mL-1). La mutación G143A se detectó en el 82% de los aislados resistentes a QoI y la mutación E198A en el 97% de los aislados resistentes a carbendazim. No se detectaron mutaciones de resistencia aparentes en los genes que codifican para las subunidades B, C y D de la succinato deshidrogenasa. Mancozeb inhibió completamente el crecimiento micelial de los aislados evaluados a 100 µg mL-1. Todos los aislados argentinos de Cercospora fueron sensibles a los fungicidas DMI evaluados, pero se reporta por primera vez resistencia a los fungicidas QoI y MBC. Otro mecanismo(s) además de la modificación del sitio objeto de control del fungicida podrían ser responsable(s) de la resistencia de Cercospora a los fungicidas QoI y MBC. Además, debido a la reciente introducción de fungicidas SDHI en soja en Argentina, se especula que las especies de Cercospora que causan TH/MPS son insensibles (naturalmente resistentes) a este grupo de fungicidas. La insensibilidad debe confirmarse en condiciones de campo.

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Mode of action of chitosan and ASM for the control of Cercospora leaf spot on table beet

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

The Multilateral Efficacy of Chitosan and Trichoderma on Sugar Beet

The Multilateral Efficacy of Chitosan and Trichoderma on Sugar Beet

Emulsions of essential oils and aloe polysaccharides: Antimicrobial activity and resistance inducer potential against Xanthomonas fragariae

Sensibilidad y resistencia a fungicidas de <i>Cercospora kikuchii</i>, agente causal del tizón de la hoja y mancha púrpura de la semilla de la soja

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