Mode of Action of a Nonionic and a Cationic Surfactant in Relation to Glyphosate

Ruiter, H. de; Verbeek, M.A.M.; Uffing, A.J.M.

doi:10.1021/bk-1988-0371.ch005

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…( 15), quackgrass (21), common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) (23), and hemp dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum L.) (23). Tertiary poly-oxyethylene alkylamine surfactants are very effective in enhancing the foliar uptake of glyphosate, as has been demonstrated for wheat (5,7), faba bean (7), and field bindweed (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…By far the most studies were conducted with the commercially formulated glyphosate con-taining a polyoxyethylene tallowamine (20). Two previous studies demonstrated that relatively low concentrations (0.2 to 0.5 giL) of polyoxyethylene (15) alkylamine surfactants doubled the foliar uptake of glyphosate by wheat (5,7) implying that using the commercially formulated glyphosate may seriously hinder a comparison of adjuvant types. The unformulated technical grade glyphosate was combined with different adjuvants in two recent studies (2, IS).…”

Section: Gly-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tertiary polyoxyethylene alkylamine type surfactants have effectively enhanced the activity of glyphosate against wheat (Triticll111 aestivllnl L.) (5,7), faha bean (Viciajaba L.) (7), field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) (16), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) (15), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medikus) (15), soybean [Glycine lnax (L.) Merr.] ( 15), quackgrass (21), common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) (23), and hemp dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum L.) (23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Influence of Surfactants and Ammonium Sulfate on Glyphosate Phytotoxicity to Quackgrass (Elytrigia repens)

Ruiter¹,

Uffing²,

Meinen³

1996

Weed technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of two cationic alkylamine surfactants, three nonionic surfactants, and ammonium sulfate on the performance of glyphosate (isopropylamine salt) against quackgrass. In the field experiments, the reinfestation of quackgrass in the year after treatment was zero or negligible in all plots that received the recommended rate of glyphosate (1.44 kg ae/ha). At one-fourth of the recommended rate (0.36 kg ae/ha) the glyphosate-adjuvant combinations also severely inhibited the reinfestation of quackgrass. At the low herbicide rate and without ammonium sulfate, lipophilic surfactants were less effective than more hydrophilic surfactants. In the greenhouse experiments, the glyphosate doses giving 50% response (ED50) were determined. Ranking of the surfactants according to the ED50for glyphosate demonstrated a similar result to that observed in the field experiment. Ammonium sulfate added to the glyphosate-surfactant combinations reduced the ED50for glyphosate 5-fold. The field and greenhouse experiments demonstrated that two hydrophilic nonionic surfactants enhance glyphosate efficacy against quackgrass to the same extent as the hydrophilic cationic tallowamine surfactant. These two nonionic surfactants have a relatively low toxicity to non-target organisms and may substitute the more toxic alkylamine surfactants.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Gly-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of Surfactants and Ammonium Sulfate on Glyphosate Phytotoxicity to Quackgrass (Elytrigia repens)

Ruiter¹,

Uffing²,

Meinen³

1996

Weed technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, variability among surfactant effects on glyphosate efficacy have been re ported (6,11). The literature suggests that cationic (polyethoxylated tertiary fatty amine) surfactants are more effective than nonionics in enhancing glyphosate activity (2,8,9,11), and that increasing the degree of surfactant ethoxylation (increasing hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB)) also increases glyphosate efficacy. Wyrill and Bumside (11) found that ethoxylated stearyl ether and amine surfactants with HLBs ranging from 16 to 20 optimized glyphosate phytotoxicity to common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) and hemp dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum L.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactant Effects on Glyphosate Efficacy

et al. 1995

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Field and greenhouse studies were performed to examine the influence of various surfactants with glyphosate on whole plant efficacy. Relationships were examined between glyphosate phytotoxicity and surfactant properties, including ionic form, degree of ethoxylation, and hydrophobe composition. Cationic tertiary amine surfactants enhanced glyphosate performance in both field and greenhouse studies. Nonionic allinol and octoxynol surfactants were not effective in combination with glyphosate. In field studies, glyphosate efficacy increased with increasing surfactant ethylene oxide (EO) content. Soybean and velvetleaf responded similarly to glyphosate-surfactant spray applications, as both demonstrated significant linear and quadratic relationships between increasing surfactant ethoxylation and phytotoxicity, while common lambsquarters showed a significant linear relationship only. Cationic surfactants were evaluated in the greenhouse and a significant quadratic regression of glyphosate phytotoxicity to common lambsquarters on increasing surfactant ethoxylation indicated an optimum surfactant EO content of about 10 moles. Both tertiary and quaternary ethoxylated fatty amines were effective with glyphosate in decreasing common lambsquarters' fresh weight. Fatty amine hydrophobe composition did not correlate with glyphosate phytotoxicity to common lambsquarters.

show abstract

“…Many different surfactants have been shown to enhance the efficacy of glyphosate on target species (Turner, 1985), but use of such adjuvants has not always ensured satisfactory control of the woody weed species which predominate in forest plantations in New Zealand. While the importance of surfactants for optimising the activity of glyphosate is generally attributed to increased glyphosate uptake (Wyrill & Burnside, 1977;de Ruiter, Verbeek & Uffing, 1988), enhanced penetration of the herbicide into gorse was not consistently achieved with the addition of conventional nonionic surfactants (Zabkiewicz, Gaskin & Balneaves, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of varying rates of glyphosate and an organosilicone surfactant on the control of gorse

Balneaves

Gaskin

Zabkiewicz

1993

Annals of Applied Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The herbicidal effect of glyphosate applied to gorse (Ulex europaeus L.) was improved by the addition of increasing amounts (0.5-20 g/litre) of Silwet L-77, an organosilicone surfactant. Increasing the rate of herbicide also enhanced control. There was a highly significant interaction between surfactant rate and herbicide dosage; as the amount of Silwet L-77 was increased the rate of glyphosate could be reduced without loss of herbicide efficacy. However, without any added organosilicone surfactant, glyphosate did not provide more than 73% control of gorse at any rate up to 6.5 kg a.i./ha. With the addition of Silwet L-77, complete mortality of all plants could be achieved with 2.2 kg glyphosate/ ha. Neumann P M. Prinz R. 1974. Evaluation of surfactants for use in the spray treatment of iron chlorosis in citrus trees. Journal of Science. Food arid Agriciiltiire 25:221-226. Policello G A, Murphy G J. 1992. Influence of cosurfactants on spreading ability of organosilicone wetting agents. In Third Ititernutiotial Symposium on Adjiiuants f o r Agrochemicals (Abstract). UK: SCI Pesticides Group. Stevens P J G, Gaskin R E, Hong S 0. Zabkiewicz J A. 1991. Contributions of stomata1 infiltration and cuticular penetration to enhancements of foliar uptake by surfactants. Pesticide Science 33:371-3x2. Turner D J. 1985. Effects on glyphosate performance of formulation, additives and mixing with other herbicides. In The Herbicide Glvphosate. pp. 221-240. London: Butterworths. Wyrill J B, Burnside 0 C. 1977. Glyphosate toxicity to common milkweed and hemp dogbane as influenced by surfactants. Weed Science 25:275-287. Zabkiewicz J A, Gaskin R E. 1989. Effect of adjuvants on uptake and translocation of glyphosate in gorse (Ulex eiiropaeus L.). In Adjiiaants and Agrochetnicmls. Volirtne I ; Mode of Action arid Physiological Acriuity. pp. 111-150. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Zabkiewicz J A, Coupland D, Ede F. 1988. Effects of surfactants on droplet spreading and drying rates in relation to foliar uptake. In Pesticide Formulations, Innovations and Deuelopments, A C S S~tnposiutn Series 371. pp. 77-89. Washington DC: American Chemical Society. Zabkiewicz J A, Gaskin R E, Balneaves J M. 1985. Effect of additives on foliar wetting and uptake of glyphosate into gorse. Application and Biology. British Crop Protection Coiincil Monograph 28:127--133.

show abstract

Mode of Action of a Nonionic and a Cationic Surfactant in Relation to Glyphosate

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of Surfactants and Ammonium Sulfate on Glyphosate Phytotoxicity to Quackgrass (Elytrigia repens)

Influence of Surfactants and Ammonium Sulfate on Glyphosate Phytotoxicity to Quackgrass (Elytrigia repens)

Surfactant Effects on Glyphosate Efficacy

The effect of varying rates of glyphosate and an organosilicone surfactant on the control of gorse

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About