Mode insensitive switch for on-chip interconnect mode division multiplexing systems

Zhang, Guowu; Mojaver, Hassan Rahbardar; Das, Alok Kumar; Liboiron-Ladouceur, Odile

doi:10.1364/ol.384771

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…1(c). All the parameters are optimized according to our previous work reported in [10]. The MZI consists of two 2 × 2 multimode interferometers (MMIs) connected by 4 µm wide Si waveguides with 100 µm long S-bend to prevent the thermal crosstalk induced by 200 µm long and 6 µm wide Titanium-tungsten (TiW) phase shifter placed between the two MMIs and 2 µm above one of the MZI balanced paths (Fig.…”

Section: Building Blocks and Design Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous work investigated the 2 × 2 mode insensitive switch for the first three quasi-transverse electric modes, and it exhibits a good extinction ratio, bandwidth, reasonable insertion loss, and crosstalk [10]. It was observed that most of the insertion losses came from the mode MUX and deMUX.…”

Section: Building Blocks and Design Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mode division multiplexing (MDM) technology has attracted widespread attention by offering a new dimension to increase the data capacity using spatial modes of the waveguide using a single wavelength carrier [2]. Various SiPh devices have been developed to extend the capacity for MDM networks, such as mode multiplexer/de-multiplexer [3], switchable mode exchanger [4], multimode optical switches [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], power splitter [13], and more. Among them, multimode optical switch is a key component to route the multimode signals for MDM networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, controlling several spatial modes simultaneously on a single waveguide is challenging due to the different structural relationships between the waveguide and the different modes. Recently, we have reported a balanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based 2 × 2 switch with a mode insensitive phase shifter for the first three quasitransverse electric (TE) modes [10]. Multimode waveguide crossing [14] and multimode waveguide bending [15] have also been recently invented, allowing us to develop large port count multimode switches with direct multimode switching capability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Scalable Two-Mode 3-Port and 4-Port Mode Insensitive Silicon Photonic Switches

Das

Zhang

Mojaver

et al. 2021

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel design approach for scalable 3-port and 4-port mode insensitive multimode switching matrices for the first two quasi-transverse electric (TE) modes. The mode insensitive phase shifter ensures less power consumption for simultaneous multimode signal transmission in a mode division multiplexing (MDM) network. At 1550 nm, the 3-port switch exhibits approximately 2.6 dB and 3.3 dB insertion loss for the longest path with a crosstalk of at most 10 dB and 8 dB over a bandwidth of 40 nm (1530 nm to 1570 nm) for modes, respectively. The insertion loss measured for the 4-port switch is approximately 2.7 dB and 3.6 dB at 1550 nm with a corresponding crosstalk less than 8 dB for the two TE modes, respectively. The payload transmission is also performed using both 10 Gb/s non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and 14.0625 Gbaud 4-level pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM4) pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS)-31 data signal to analyze the performance of the switches. Clear open eyes are observed for both single-mode and simultaneous two-mode transmissions. The low insertion loss, low intermodal crosstalk over a large optical bandwidth, and the clear open eye validate the scalability of the proposed switches for larger port count and higher-order modes.

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Section: Building Blocks and Design Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Building Blocks and Design Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Scalable Two-Mode 3-Port and 4-Port Mode Insensitive Silicon Photonic Switches

Das

Zhang

Mojaver

et al. 2021

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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show abstract

“…More importantly, we found that this shallowly etched slot scheme had some scalability for the mode-order conversion, and more higher-order modes could be generated using such etched multimode waveguide structures. Based upon these unique features, the proposed scheme and related devices would well support the on-chip multimode applications [26,27], such as on-chip MDM systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Silicon-Based TM0-to-TM3 Mode-Order Converter Using On-Chip Shallowly Etched Slot Metasurface

Zhu

Kang

et al. 2021

Photonics

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Mode-order converters drive the on-chip applications of multimode silicon photonics. Here, we propose a TM0-to-TM3 mode-order converter by leveraging a shallowly etched slot metasurface pattern atop the silicon waveguide, rather than as some previously reported TE-polarized ones. With a shallowly etched pattern on the silicon waveguide, the whole waveguide refractive index distribution and the corresponding field evolution will be changed. Through further analyses, we have found the required slot metasurface pattern for generating the TM3 mode with high conversion efficiency of 92.9% and low modal crosstalk <−19 dB in a length of 17.73 μm. Moreover, the device’s working bandwidth and the fabrication tolerance of the key structural parameters are analyzed in detail. With these features, such devices would be beneficial for the on-chip multimode applications such as mode-division multiplexing transmission.

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MEMS‐enabled Ultralow Power Consumption Programmable Arbitrary Order Mode Switch

Sun,

Qiao,

Lee

et al. 2024

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Mode‐division‐multiplexing (MDM) recently attracted much interest due to its ability to enhance the capacity for optical information communication. To meet growing data transmission demands and enable flexible on‐chip mode manipulation, programmable optical mode converter switches are essential. This work introduces a micro‐electromechanical‐system (MEMS)‐enabled programmable arbitrary order mode switch, capitalizing on the benefits of MEMS technology such as low power consumption, robust modulation capabilities, and seamless large‐scale integration. Employing newly developed MEMS‐tunable mode converter (MTMC) units, the system achieves high conversion efficiencies from the fundamental mode to arbitrary higher‐order modes and supports programmable power distribution among different modes by cascading multiple MTMCs. As a proof‐of‐concept, a programmable TE0–TE0/1/2 mode switch operates in the 3.64 to 3.71 µm wavelength range, achieving maximum crosstalk values of –9.56 and –9.88 dB for TE0 to TE1 and TE0 to TE2 mode conversion, respectively, and a remarkably low power consumption of 67 pW. Furthermore, a programmable mode multiplexer is developed by simultaneously actuating two MEMS actuators to modulate phase matching conditions, enabling arbitrary power splitting ratios among these modes. The demonstrated scalability and flexibility of the proposed system highlight its potential as a foundational component for MDM systems.

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Mode insensitive switch for on-chip interconnect mode division multiplexing systems

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

Scalable Two-Mode 3-Port and 4-Port Mode Insensitive Silicon Photonic Switches

Scalable Two-Mode 3-Port and 4-Port Mode Insensitive Silicon Photonic Switches

Silicon-Based TM0-to-TM3 Mode-Order Converter Using On-Chip Shallowly Etched Slot Metasurface

MEMS‐enabled Ultralow Power Consumption Programmable Arbitrary Order Mode Switch

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