Mode-field converters and long-period gratings fabricated by thermo-diffusion in nitrogen-doped silica-core fibers

Karpov, V. A.; Grekov, M.V.; Dianov, E. M.; Golant, K. M.; Vasiliev, S.A.; Medvedkov, O.I.; Khrapko, R. R.

doi:10.1109/ofc.1998.657400

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…5-15 Since Hill et al 1 and Vengsarkar et al 5 wrote the first FBG and LPFG in conventional glass fibers in 1978 and 1996, respectively, the fabrications and applications of in-fiber gratings have achieved rapid developments. Various fabrication methods, such as ultraviolet ͑UV͒ laser exposure, 5-15 CO 2 laser irradiation, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] electricarc discharge, [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] femtosecond laser exposure, [38][39][40][41][42][43] mechanical microbends, [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] etched corrugations, [52][53][54][55][56][57] and ion beam implantation, [58][59][60] have been demonstrated to write LPFGs in different types of optical fibers. Numerous LPFGbased devices have ...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Wang

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

215

134

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This paper presents a systematic review of long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) written by the CO2 laser irradiation technique. First, various fabrication techniques based on CO2 laser irradiations are demonstrated to write LPFGs in different types of optical fibers such as conventional glass fibers, solid-core photonic crystal fibers, and air-core photonic bandgap fibers. Second, possible mechanisms, e.g., residual stress relaxation, glass structure changes, and physical deformation, of refractive index modulations in the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs are analyzed. Third, asymmetrical mode coupling, resulting from single-side laser irradiation, is discussed to understand unique optical properties of the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs. Fourthly, several pretreament and post-treatment techniques are proposed to enhance the efficiency of grating fabrications. Fifthly, sensing applications of the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs are investigated to develop various LPFG-based temperature, strain, bend, torsion, pressure, and biochemical sensors. Finally, communication applications of the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs are investigated to develop various LPFG-based band-rejection filters, gain equalizers, polarizers, and couplers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Wang

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

215

134

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“…For propagation modes within the core a discrete set of values for β are confined to [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][29][30][31][32][33] :…”

Section: Long Period Grating Fiber Sensor -Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of a smart composite material mechanical component using an embedded long period grating fiber sensor

et al. 2015

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Results obtained by FEM analysis of a smart mechanical part manufactured of reinforced composite materials with embedded long period grating fiber sensors (LPGFS) used for operation monitoring are presented. Fiber smart reinforced composite materials because of their fundamental importance across a broad range of industrial applications, as aerospace industry. The main purpose of the performed numerical analysis consists in final improved design of composite mechanical components providing a feedback useful for further automation of the whole system. The performed numerical analysis is pointing to a correlation of composite material internal mechanical loads applied to LPGFS with the NIR absorption bands peak wavelength shifts. One main idea of the performed numerical analysis relies on the observed fact that a LPGFS embedded inside a composite material undergoes mechanical loads created by the micro scale roughness of the composite fiber network. The effect of this mechanical load consists in bending of the LPGFS. The shifting towards IR and broadening of absorption bands appeared in the LPGFS transmission spectra is modeled according to this observation using the coupled mode approach.

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“…A equação 5 exprime o princípio de funcionamento de uma LPG. A figura 9 apresenta a função de transferência do espectro eletromagnético de uma LPG [Karpov et al, 1998]. As setas indicam três comprimentos de onda de ressonância diferentes, que correspondem ao acoplamento do modo guiado propagante no núcleo a três modos de casca propagantes.…”

Section: Figura 8 -Representação De Dois Modosunclassified

Princípio De Funcionamento Dos Sensores Ópticos Baseados Em Grades Em Fibras Ópticas E Sua Importância Nas Diferentes Áreas Tecnológicas

Carneiro

Barbero

2014

Engevista

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Resumo: Este artigo apresenta o modelo teórico e o princípio de funcionamento dos sensores ópticos baseados em grades inscritas em fibras ópticas. Além disso, este trabalho inclui as vantagens e algumas configurações desse tipo de sensor que permitiram a inovação tecnológica em sistemas de monitoramento de diferentes áreas. O artigo contém ainda uma metodologia para criação de sensores baseados em grades em fibras ópticas para monitoramento de parâmetros de um sistema, com intuito de fomentar a investigação científica nos campos em que sua utilização ainda não foi explorada. Palavras-chave: Sensores Ópticos, Grades em Fibras Ópticas, Investigação Científica.Abstract: This paper presents the theorical model and operating principle of optical sensors based on gratings inscribed in optical fibers. Moreover, this work includes the advantages and some configurations of this type of sensor that allowed technological innovation in monitoring systems of different areas. This paper also contains a methodology for creating optical fiber grating sensors for parameters monitoring of a system, in order to foster scientific research in the fields in which their use has not been explored.

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Mode-field converters and long-period gratings fabricated by thermo-diffusion in nitrogen-doped silica-core fibers

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Numerical analysis of a smart composite material mechanical component using an embedded long period grating fiber sensor

Princípio De Funcionamento Dos Sensores Ópticos Baseados Em Grades Em Fibras Ópticas E Sua Importância Nas Diferentes Áreas Tecnológicas

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