Modality independence of word comprehension

Booth, James R.; Burman, Douglas D.; Meyer, Jacob; Gitelman, Darren R.; Parrish, Todd B.; Mesulam, Marek-Marsel

doi:10.1002/hbm.10054

Cited by 223 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Such a distinction is supported by several neuroimaging studies (e.g. Booth et al, 2002b; see review in Giraud and Price, 2001) as well as by intracranial recordings (Nobre et al, , 1998.…”

Section: Evidence For Reproducible Localizationmentioning

confidence: 77%

Specialization within the ventral stream: the case for the visual word form area

2004

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Is there specialization for visual word recognition within the visual ventral stream of literate human adults? We review the evidence for a specialized ''visual word form area'' and critically examine some of the arguments recently placed against this hypothesis. Three distinct forms of specialization must be distinguished: functional specialization, reproducible localization, and regional selectivity. Examination of the literature with this theoretical division in mind indicates that reading activates a precise subpart of the left ventral occipitotemporal sulcus, and that patients with pure alexia consistently exhibit lesions of this region (reproducible localization). Second, this region implements processes adequate for reading in a specific script, such as invariance across upper-and lower-case letters, and its lesion results in the selective loss of reading-specific processes (functional specialization). Third, the issue of regional selectivity, namely, the existence of putative cortical patches dedicated to letter and word recognition, cannot be resolved by positron emission tomography or lesion data, but requires high-resolution neuroimaging techniques. The available evidence from single-subject fMRI and intracranial recordings suggests that some cortical sites respond preferentially to letter strings than to other categories of visual stimuli such as faces or objects, though the preference is often relative rather than absolute. We conclude that learning to read results in the progressive development of an inferotemporal region increasingly responsive to visual words, which is aptly named the visual word form area (VWFA).

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“…Such a distinction is supported by several neuroimaging studies (e.g. Booth et al, 2002b; see review in Giraud and Price, 2001) as well as by intracranial recordings (Nobre et al, , 1998.…”

Section: Evidence For Reproducible Localizationmentioning

confidence: 77%

Specialization within the ventral stream: the case for the visual word form area

2004

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“…To our knowledge, our study is the first to document differences in hemispheric asymmetry between tone and vowel processing using neuroimaging method. All other studies (Booth et al, 2002;Lurito et al, 2000;Poldrack et al, 2001;Pugh et al, 1996a,b) showed left lateralization for both tone and vowel processing, but did not directly test their differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Dissociation in the neural basis underlying Chinese tone and vowel production

et al. 2006

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“…More specifically, the regions correlating (P Ͻ 0.001 voxel, P Ͻ 0.05 cluster levels) with semantic priming included the L medial fusiform (peak at Ϫ31, Ϫ36, Ϫ17; BA37) and the hippocampus (peak at Ϫ31, Ϫ27, Ϫ11) and surrounding parahippocampal regions (BA 28, 35, and 36). These regions are typically thought to be involved in semantic processing (41,45,46). At a lower threshold (P Ͻ 0.01 voxel, P Ͻ 0.05 cluster levels) the L middle temporal gyrus was also implicated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Differentiating lexical form, meaning, and structure in the neural language system

Tyler

Marslen–Wilson

Stamatakis

2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A technique for studying the relationship between brain and language, which involves correlating scores on two continuous variables, signal intensity across the entire brains of brain-damaged patients and behavioral priming scores, was used to investigate a central issue in cognitive neuroscience: Are the components of the neural language system organized as a single undifferentiated process, or do they respond differentially to different types of linguistic structure? Differences in lexical structure, in the form of the regular and irregular past tense, have proven to be critical in this debate by contrasting a highly predictable rule-like process (e.g., jump-jumped) with an unpredictable idiosyncratic process typified by the irregulars (e.g., think-thought). The key issue raised by these contrasts is whether processing regular and irregular past tense forms differentially engages different aspects of the neural language system or whether they are processed within a single system that distinguishes between them purely on the basis of phonological and semantic differences. The correlational analyses provide clear evidence for a functional differentiation between different brain regions associated with the processing of lexical form, meaning, and morphological structure.morphology ͉ neuroscience

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Modality independence of word comprehension

Cited by 223 publications

References 22 publications

Specialization within the ventral stream: the case for the visual word form area

Specialization within the ventral stream: the case for the visual word form area

Dissociation in the neural basis underlying Chinese tone and vowel production

Differentiating lexical form, meaning, and structure in the neural language system

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