Modality-dependent “What” and “Where” Preparatory Processes in Auditory and Visual Systems

Diaconescu, Andreea O.; Alain, Claude; McIntosh, Anthony R.

doi:10.1162/jocn.2010.21465

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…When the location is fixed and the sound identity is changed, only one stimulus repetition is needed to yield maximum P2 suppression, but when the location is changed, two more stimulus repetitions are needed (Figure 5B, D) (It also is worth noting that the P2 amplitude of the D S S L trial at the second position was comparable to that of the S S D L trial at the fourth position). This faster adaptive response to sound location is in line with the results of Diaconescu et al [72] who found faster evoked responses to the location compared to the identity condition in a cue-target paradigm. Consequently, one could infer that it would be more advantageous to maintain vigilance to constant sounds that are moving.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Age Differences in the Neuroelectric Adaptation to Meaningful Sounds

Leung

Grady

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Much of what we know regarding the effect of stimulus repetition on neuroelectric adaptation comes from studies using artificially produced pure tones or harmonic complex sounds. Little is known about the neural processes associated with the representation of everyday sounds and how these may be affected by aging. In this study, we used real life, meaningful sounds presented at various azimuth positions and found that auditory evoked responses peaking at about 100 and 180 ms after sound onset decreased in amplitude with stimulus repetition. This neural adaptation was greater in young than in older adults and was more pronounced when the same sound was repeated at the same location. Moreover, the P2 waves showed differential patterns of domain-specific adaptation when location and identity was repeated among young adults. Background noise decreased ERP amplitudes and modulated the magnitude of repetition effects on both the N1 and P2 amplitude, and the effects were comparable in young and older adults. These findings reveal an age-related difference in the neural processes associated with adaptation to meaningful sounds, which may relate to older adults’ difficulty in ignoring task-irrelevant stimuli.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Age Differences in the Neuroelectric Adaptation to Meaningful Sounds

Leung

Grady

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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“…The IPL may also act as an interface in which sound locations are remapped onto the visual co-ordinate system to guide motor responses. This hypothesis has received some support from a recent study using neuroelectric recordings which showed that preparation for responding to the location of a visual or an auditory target engages a similar neural network (Diaconescu et al, 2010 ). However, further research is needed to understand when and where spatial information from various sources (e.g., auditory and visual) are combined together.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociable Memory- and Response-Related Activity in Parietal Cortex During Auditory Spatial Working Memory

Alain

Shen

et al. 2010

Front. Psychology

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Attending and responding to sound location generates increased activity in parietal cortex which may index auditory spatial working memory and/or goal-directed action. Here, we used an n-back task (Experiment 1) and an adaptation paradigm (Experiment 2) to distinguish memory-related activity from that associated with goal-directed action. In Experiment 1, participants indicated, in separate blocks of trials, whether the incoming stimulus was presented at the same location as in the previous trial (1-back) or two trials ago (2-back). Prior to a block of trials, participants were told to use their left or right index finger. Accuracy and reaction times were worse for the 2-back than for the 1-back condition. The analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data revealed greater sustained task-related activity in the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and superior frontal sulcus during 2-back than 1-back after accounting for response-related activity elicited by the targets. Target detection and response execution were also associated with enhanced activity in the IPL bilaterally, though the activation was anterior to that associated with sustained task-related activity. In Experiment 2, we used an event-related design in which participants listened (no response required) to trials that comprised four sounds presented either at the same location or at four different locations. We found larger IPL activation for changes in sound location than for sounds presented at the same location. The IPL activation overlapped with that observed during the auditory spatial working memory task. Together, these results provide converging evidence supporting the role of parietal cortex in auditory spatial working memory which can be dissociated from response selection and execution.

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“…A recent EEG study [20] suggested that attentional control over auditory and visual “what” streams is predominantly modality specific. However, sound-object perception can certainly be affected by crossmodal information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociable Influences of Auditory Object vs. Spatial Attention on Visual System Oscillatory Activity

et al. 2012

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Given that both auditory and visual systems have anatomically separate object identification (“what”) and spatial (“where”) pathways, it is of interest whether attention-driven cross-sensory modulations occur separately within these feature domains. Here, we investigated how auditory “what” vs. “where” attention tasks modulate activity in visual pathways using cortically constrained source estimates of magnetoencephalograpic (MEG) oscillatory activity. In the absence of visual stimuli or tasks, subjects were presented with a sequence of auditory-stimulus pairs and instructed to selectively attend to phonetic (“what”) vs. spatial (“where”) aspects of these sounds, or to listen passively. To investigate sustained modulatory effects, oscillatory power was estimated from time periods between sound-pair presentations. In comparison to attention to sound locations, phonetic auditory attention was associated with stronger alpha (7–13 Hz) power in several visual areas (primary visual cortex; lingual, fusiform, and inferior temporal gyri, lateral occipital cortex), as well as in higher-order visual/multisensory areas including lateral/medial parietal and retrosplenial cortices. Region-of-interest (ROI) analyses of dynamic changes, from which the sustained effects had been removed, suggested further power increases during Attend Phoneme vs. Location centered at the alpha range 400–600 ms after the onset of second sound of each stimulus pair. These results suggest distinct modulations of visual system oscillatory activity during auditory attention to sound object identity (“what”) vs. sound location (“where”). The alpha modulations could be interpreted to reflect enhanced crossmodal inhibition of feature-specific visual pathways and adjacent audiovisual association areas during “what” vs. “where” auditory attention.

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Modality-dependent “What” and “Where” Preparatory Processes in Auditory and Visual Systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Age Differences in the Neuroelectric Adaptation to Meaningful Sounds

Age Differences in the Neuroelectric Adaptation to Meaningful Sounds

Dissociable Memory- and Response-Related Activity in Parietal Cortex During Auditory Spatial Working Memory

Dissociable Influences of Auditory Object vs. Spatial Attention on Visual System Oscillatory Activity

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