Modalities of social mobilisation in substandard settlements

Dupont, Véronique; Jordhus‐Lier, David; Braathen, Einar; Sutherland, Catherine

doi:10.4324/9781315733241-7

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“…Due to rapid population growth residents have bought and constructed houses on land which is not zoned in the Master Plan for residential purposes. [41][42][43][44] In this paper we investigate similarities and differences in neighbourhood social cohesion and well-being for households living in two different settlement types in Delhi-Sanjay Colony, Okhla Phase II a squatter settlement (unplanned) and Bhalswa a resettlement colony (planned). Squatter settlements are unauthorised occupations of vacant land, mostly public, with minimum access to civic services and amenities.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Delhi Master Plan divides the city into three categories—planned, special and unplanned. Due to rapid population growth residents have bought and constructed houses on land which is not zoned in the Master Plan for residential purposes 41–44. In this paper we investigate similarities and differences in neighbourhood social cohesion and well-being for households living in two different settlement types in Delhi—Sanjay Colony, Okhla Phase II a squatter settlement (unplanned) and Bhalswa a resettlement colony (planned).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resettlement colonies, reflect the systematic process of relocating poor residents to the periphery to facilitate the gentrification of urban spaces. Consequently, they experience low levels of amenity provision by public agencies owing to scarcity of funds 42 45–51. Residents in resettlement colonies have expressed concerns around community cohesion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, they experience low levels of amenity provision by public agencies owing to scarcity of funds. 42 45–51 Residents in resettlement colonies have expressed concerns around community cohesion. Studies of resettlement areas in India have found residents reporting greater social alienation, their homes lacking both security of tenure and a socioeconomic livelihood base because resettlement sites are large distances from residents’ former homes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between neighbourhood social cohesion and subjective well-being in two different informal settlement types in Delhi, India: a quantitative cross-sectional study

Humble

Sharma

Rangaraju³

et al. 2023

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesTo evaluate the relationships between neighbourhood cohesion and subjective well-being (SWB) in two different informal settlement types.DesignCross-sectional analysis of a community-based survey.SettingCommunities in two districts, Sanjay Colony, Okhla Phase II and Bhalswa in Delhi, India.Participants328 residents in Bhalswa and 311 from Sanjay Colony.MeasurementsNeighbourhood social cohesion scale measured on an 18-point scale and the SWB scale made up of four subjective measures—hedonic, eudaemonic, evaluative and freedom of choice. Sociodemographic characteristics and trust were used as covariates.ResultsIn both neighbourhood types there was a statistically significant positive bivariate correlation between neighbourhood cohesion and SWB (Sanjay: r=0.145, p<0.05; Bhalswa: r=0.264, p<0.01). Trust and neighbourhood cohesion were strongly correlated (Sanjay: r=0.618, p<0.01; Bhalswa: r=0.533, p<0.01) and the longer the resident had lived in the community the greater the feeling of neighbourhood cohesion (Sanjay: r=0.157, p<0.01; Bhalswa: r=0.171, p<0.05). Only in the resettlement colony (Bhalswa) was SWB negatively correlated with length of residency (r=−0.117, p<0.05). Residents who chose their settlement type (Sanjay residents) were 22.5 percentage points (pp) more likely to have a feeling of belonging to their neighbourhood than residents that had been resettled (Bhalswa) (Cohen’s d effect size 0.45). Sanjay residents had a greater likelihood to feel more satisfied with life (4.8 pp, p<0.01) and having greater perceived freedom of choice (4.8 pp, p<0.01).ConclusionsOur findings contribute to the general knowledge about neighbourhood cohesion and SWB within different informal settlement types in a mega-city such as New Delhi, India. Interventions that promote sense of belonging, satisfaction with life and freedom of choice have the potential to significantly improve people’s well-being.

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Section: Strengths and Limitations Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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