“…Besides, many attempts were carried out to evaluate the structural responses of bridge piers using simplified analytical methods [62,65,96,104,105], and FE high-resolution techniques [52,54,59,67,106]. In addition, several approaches were proposed to analyze the impact loads and bridge dynamic demands using shock spectrum analysis [104,[107][108][109], structural reliability analysis [55,63,[110][111][112][113][114], and equivalent static analysis [115,116] methods. Table 4 presents a summary of vessel-pier collisions with regard to the influences of various parameters.…”