Mocktails: Capturing the Memory Behaviour of Proprietary Mobile Architectures

Badr, Mario; Delconte, Carlo; Edo, Isak; Jagtap, Radhika; Andreozzi, Matteo; Jerger, Natalie Enright

doi:10.1109/isca45697.2020.00046

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…One of the main obstacles we faced during our analysis was creating the correct experimental setup. This is challenging for three main reasons, mostly related to the lack of a standard benchmark suite for consumer devices [13] and the lack of automation tools for real-world experiments on mobile devices like Chromebooks:…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One critical component of consumer devices is the main memory (typically consisting of DRAM [8,9]), which is used not only as the working memory space but also as storage for least-recently-used (i.e., cold) memory blocks (i.e., as swap space [10][11][12]). As consumer devices grow in sophistication, many target applications handle increasing amounts of data and require larger main memory capacity to avoid significant performance issues [5,[13][14][15][16][17][18]. Unfortunately, it is becoming increasingly challenging to increase DRAM capacity inside consumer devices due to the worsening reliability, cost, and performance issues as manufacturers scale DRAM technology to higher storage capacity levels .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Extending Memory Capacity in Consumer Devices with Emerging Non-Volatile Memory: An Experimental Study

F.¹,

Ghose²,

Gómez-Luna³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Section: Experimental Setup and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending Memory Capacity in Consumer Devices with Emerging Non-Volatile Memory: An Experimental Study

F.¹,

Ghose²,

Gómez-Luna³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other works focus on the SynFull methodology to capture the traffic burst in real applications. This is the case of Mocktails [10], which employs a similar approach to recreate the space-time memory access behavior in heterogeneous systems based on memory IP blocks. This is a very different approach to the SynFull-RTL methodology.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

SynFull-RTL: Evaluation Methodology for RTL NoC Designs

2022

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SynFull is a widely employed tool that generates realistic traffic patterns for the performance evaluation of a NoC. In this work, we identify the main limitations of SynFull: high variability and long simulation time and also that these limitations increase when SynFull is integrated with RTL designs. SynFull-RTL employs a statistical approach, simulating each application macro-phase only once and averaging according to its probability of occurrence and the measured traffic load. SynFull-RTL obtains higher accuracy than the original version and reduced variability, with observed 40× reduction in simulation time and resources. A use-case with ProSMART validates the results.

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“…One critical component of consumer devices is the main memory (typically consisting of DRAM [8], [9]), which is used not only as the working memory space but also as storage for least-recently-used (i.e., cold) memory blocks (i.e., as swap space [10], [11], [12]). As consumer devices grow in sophistication, many target applications handle increasing amounts of data and require larger main memory capacity to avoid significant performance issues [5], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18]. Unfortunately, it is becoming increasingly challenging to increase DRAM capacity inside consumer devices due to the worsening reliability, cost, and performance issues as manufacturers scale DRAM technology to higher storage capacity levels [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending Memory Capacity in Modern Consumer Systems With Emerging Non-Volatile Memory: Experimental Analysis and Characterization Using the Intel Optane SSD

Oliveira,

Ghose,

Gómez-Luna

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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DRAM scalability is becoming a limiting factor to the available memory capacity in consumer devices. As a potential solution, manufacturers have introduced emerging non-volatile memories (NVMs) into the market, which can be used to increase the memory capacity of consumer devices by augmenting or replacing DRAM. In this work, we provide the first analysis of the impact of extending the main memory space of consumer devices using off-the-shelf NVMs. We equip real web-based Chromebook computers with the Intel Optane solid-state drive (SSD), which contains state-of-the-art low-latency NVM, and use the NVM as swap space. We analyze the performance and energy consumption of the Optane-equipped Chromebooks, and compare this with (i) a baseline system with double the amount of DRAM than the system with the NVM-based swap space; and (ii) a system where the Intel Optane SSD is naively replaced with a state-of-theart NAND-flash-based SSD. Our experimental analysis reveals that while Optane-based swap space provides a cost-effective way to alleviate the DRAM capacity bottleneck in consumer devices, naive integration of the Optane SSD leads to several system-level overheads, mostly related to (1) the Linux block I/O layer, which can negatively impact overall performance; and (2) the off-chip traffic to the swap space, which can negatively impact energy consumption. To reduce the Linux block I/O layer overheads, we tailor several system-level mechanisms (i.e., the I/O scheduler and the I/O request completion mechanism) to the currentlyrunning application's access pattern. To reduce the off-chip traffic overhead, we leverage an operating system feature (called Zswap) that allocates some DRAM space to be used as a compressed in-DRAM cache for data swapped between DRAM and the Intel Optane SSD, significantly reducing energy consumption caused by the off-chip traffic to the swap space. We conclude that emerging NVMs are a cost-effective solution to alleviate the DRAM capacity bottleneck in consumer devices, which can be further enhanced by tailoring system-level mechanisms to better leverage the characteristics of our workloads and the NVM.

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Mocktails: Capturing the Memory Behaviour of Proprietary Mobile Architectures

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Extending Memory Capacity in Consumer Devices with Emerging Non-Volatile Memory: An Experimental Study

Extending Memory Capacity in Consumer Devices with Emerging Non-Volatile Memory: An Experimental Study

SynFull-RTL: Evaluation Methodology for RTL NoC Designs

Extending Memory Capacity in Modern Consumer Systems With Emerging Non-Volatile Memory: Experimental Analysis and Characterization Using the Intel Optane SSD

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