Mobiluncus gen. nov., Mobiluncus curtisii subsp. curtisii sp. nov., Mobiluncus curtisii subsp. holmesii subsp. nov., and Mobiluncus mulieris sp. nov., Curved Rods from the Human Vagina

Spiegel, Carol A.; Roberts, Marilyn C.

doi:10.1099/00207713-34-2-177

Cited by 143 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Very little is known about the susceptibility of this group of bacteria to tetracycline or other antibiotics. We examined 21 Lactobacillus spp. and found that 15 (71%) were able to grow on media supplemented with 10 pg of tetracycline per ml.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The purified restriction fragments or whole plasmids were labeled with two 32P-labeled nucleotide triphosphates and two unlabeled nucleotide triphosphates by nick translation as previously described (21). Dot blots or Southern blots were prepared on nitrocellulose and hybridized overnight at 42°C under stringent conditions of 50% (vol/vol) formamide, 0.1% (wt/vol) polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.1% (wt/vol) albumin, 0.1% (wt/vol) Ficoll, 0.1% (wt/vol) sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.05 M monobasic sodium phosphate (pH 7.4), 0.005 M EDTA, 0.76 M NaCl, and 100 ,ug of boiled calf thymus DNA per ml.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic basis of tetracycline resistance in urogenital bacteria

Roberts

Hillier

1990

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The distributions of the nucleotide sequences related to the tetracycline resistance determinants Tet K, Tet L, Tet M, and Tet 0 were studied by dot blot hybridization with randomly chosen clinical urogenital tract isolates of viridans group streptococci, Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, Gardnerella vaginalis, Lactobacillus spp., Fusobacterium nuckatum, Peptostreptococcus spp., and Veilonella parvula. Among the Peptostreptococcus spp., 79% of the isolates hybridized with one (64%) or more (36%) of the probes for Tet K (27%), Tet L (30%), Tet M (75%) and Tet 0 (13%). Of the viridans group streptococci, 82% of the strains hybridized with one (34%) or more (66%) of the four probes. The distribution of the four determinants in this group was as follows: Tet K, 36%; Tet L, 31%; Tet M, 43%; Tet 0, 61%. Twenty-nine percent of the enterococci and forty-six percent of the group B streptococci hybridized with the probes; however, the Tet K, Tet L, and Tet 0 determinants were found in only a few strains, while the Tet M determinant predominated. A total of 29% of the F. nucleatum isolates, 55% of the G. vaginalis isolates, and 26% of the V. parvula isolates hybridized with the Tet M determinant. In contrast, 43% of the Lactobacillus spp. hybridized with the Tet 0 determinant. The data indicate that tetracycline resistance determinants are common to many of the microorganisms isolated from the urogenital tract.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Genetic basis of tetracycline resistance in urogenital bacteria

Roberts

Hillier

1990

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Hydroxylated fatty acids or aldehyde fatty acids were not detected in acid hydrolysates of crude cell membrane preparations. (1,4,17,27,30,35,37,39,41,45,48), although the taxonomic position of members of this genus is still unresolved (15,43).The genus Mobiluncus has been tentatively assigned to the family Bacteroidaceae (43), which includes obligately anaerobic straight, curved, or helical gram-negative and gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria (18). The Gram reactions of strains of Mobiluncus are typically gram negative or variable (15, 43), although electron micrographs show that structurally these organisms have gram-positive cell walls (41, 43) and lack an outer membrane.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Among anaerobic curved rods consistent with Mobiluncus, fatty acid aldehydes (presumably from plasmologens) have been detected, while hydroxlated fatty acids (found predominately in gram-negative bacteria) have not been found (39). Mobiluncus species are resistant to some antimicrobial agents which traditionally inhibit gram-negative microorganisms and are susceptible to some antimicrobial agents which inhibit gram-positive microorganisms (1,8,15,42,43,44). Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) reactivity, an indicator of gram-negative endotoxin, has also been reported (29).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cell Wall Characteristics of Mobiluncus Species

Carlone

Thomas

Arko

et al. 1986

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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The three type strains and a reference strain of Mobiluncus examined in this study had a gram-positive type of cell walls. All four strains were susceptible to vancomycin and resistant to colistin, and the overall susceptibility patterns with other antimicrobial agents were consistent with those of gram-positive microorganisms. Strains of Mobiluncus mulieris were lysed by 3% potassium hydroxide, and strains of Mobiluncus curtisii were not. However, all of the strains examined had intermediate levels of Limulus amebocyte-lysate reactivity that was not lipopolysaccharide associated. Lipopolysaccharide was not detected when whole-cell lysates were digested with proteinase K, separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and silver stained. In addition, 2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid and heptose were not detected by gas chromatography of 0-methyloxime acetate derivatives of whole-cell carbohydrates. Saponification and gas chromatography of whole-cell fatty acids showed that none of the four strains examined had detectable levels of hydroxylated fatty acids. Hydroxylated fatty acids or aldehyde fatty acids were not detected in acid hydrolysates of crude cell membrane preparations. (1,4,17,27,30,35,37,39,41,45,48), although the taxonomic position of members of this genus is still unresolved (15,43).The genus Mobiluncus has been tentatively assigned to the family Bacteroidaceae (43), which includes obligately anaerobic straight, curved, or helical gram-negative and gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria (18). The Gram reactions of strains of Mobiluncus are typically gram negative or variable (15, 43), although electron micrographs show that structurally these organisms have gram-positive cell walls (41, 43) and lack an outer membrane. Likewise, anaerobic curved rod-shaped organisms belonging to the genera Butyrivibrio, Lachnospira, and Acetivibrio (B), which are also members of the family Bacteruidaceae, stain gram negative but are structurally gram positive. Among anaerobic curved rods consistent with Mobiluncus, fatty acid aldehydes (presumably from plasmologens) have been detected, while hydroxlated fatty acids (found predominately in gram-negative bacteria) have not been found (39). Mobiluncus species are resistant to some antimicrobial agents which traditionally inhibit gram-negative microorganisms and are susceptible to some antimicrobial agents which inhibit gram-positive microorganisms (1,8,15,42,43,44). Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) reactivity, an indicator of gram-negative endotoxin, has also been reported (29).In this study, we compared characteristics of the type * Corresponding author.strains and a reference strain of Mobiluncus since previous reports have included organisms of undetermined taxonomic position which resemble members of this genus. We examined four strains of Mobiluncus for the following characteristics which are indicative of cell wall type: cell lysis, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), endotoxin reactivity, fatty acid content, antimicrobial agent susceptibility, and carbohyd...

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“…Table 1. Differential characteristics of strain H5 T and related genera of the family Actinomycetaceae Genera: 1, Flaviflexus gen. nov. (strain H5 T ; data from this study); 2, Actinobaculum (Lawson et al, 1997); 3, Actinomyces (Schaal et al, 2006); 4, Arcanobacterium (Collins et al, 1982;Hall et al, 2003a;Lehnen et al, 2006;Yassin et al, 2011); 5, Mobiluncus (Spiegel & Roberts, 1984;Hoyles et al, 2004); 6, Trueperella (Yassin et al, 2011);7, Varibaculum (Hall et al, 2003b). +, Positive; 2, negative; V, variable; ND, no data available; A, aerobic; AN, anaerobic; F, facultatively anaerobic; DPG, diphosphatidylglycerol; PG, phosphatidylglycerol; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PI, phosphatidylinositol; PIM, phosphatidylinositol mannosides; PL, phospholipid; PGL, phosphoglycolipid; MK-n(H x ) represents a partially hydrogenated menaquinone with x hydrogen atoms on the side chain containing n isoprene units.…”

Section: Description Of Flaviflexus Huanghaiensis Sp Novmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flaviflexus huanghaiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinobacterium of the family Actinomycetaceae

Miao

Lin

et al. 2013

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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Flaviflexus huanghaiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinobacterium of the family Actinomycetaceae Strain H5 T was isolated from a sediment sample collected from the coastal area of Qingdao, China. The cells were Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, straight or curved rods. The temperature range for growth was 20-37 6C and the pH for growth ranged from 6.5 to 9.0, with optimum growth occurring in the temperature range 28-30 6C and pH range 7.5-8.0. Growth occurred in the presence of 0-6 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0-2 %). Strain H5 T had MK-9, MK-9(H 2 ) and MK-9(H 4 ) as the major menaquinones and C 18 : 1 v9c, C 16 : 0 , C 14 : 0 , C 18 : 0 and C 16 : 1 v9c as major fatty acids. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A5a L-Lys-L-Ala-L-Lys-D-Glu. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol (PG), an unknown phospholipid (PL1) and two unknown phosphoglycolipids (PGL1, PGL2). An unknown phospholipid (PL2) and two unknown glycolipids (GL1, GL2) were present in moderate to minor amounts in the polar lipid profile. The genomic DNA G+C content was 61.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain H5 T represents a novel lineage in the family Actinomycetaceae. On the basis of phenotypic, physiological and molecular characteristics, it is proposed that the novel isolate should be classified as a novel species in a new genus: Flaviflexus huanghaiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., with strain H5 T (5DSM 24315 T 5CICC 10486 T ) as the type strain of the type species.

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Mobiluncus gen. nov., Mobiluncus curtisii subsp. curtisii sp. nov., Mobiluncus curtisii subsp. holmesii subsp. nov., and Mobiluncus mulieris sp. nov., Curved Rods from the Human Vagina

Cited by 143 publications

References 26 publications

Genetic basis of tetracycline resistance in urogenital bacteria

Genetic basis of tetracycline resistance in urogenital bacteria

Cell Wall Characteristics of Mobiluncus Species

Flaviflexus huanghaiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinobacterium of the family Actinomycetaceae

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