Mobility of Metals and Valorization of Sorted Fine Fraction of Waste After Landfill Excavation

Burlakovs, Juris; Kaczala, Fábio; Vincevica-Gaile, Zane; Rudoviča, Vita; Orupõld, Kaja; Stapkevica, Mara; Bhatnagar, Amit; Kriipsalu, Mait; Hogland, Marika; Kļaviņš, Māris; Hogland, William

doi:10.1007/s12649-016-9478-4

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Moreover, together the fractions < 0.425 mm and 0.425-6.3 mm constituted about 60 Particle size wt.% of the excavated landfill MSW (3-8 years old) by Jain et al, 2005; where 44.6 wt.% corresponded to the fraction < 0.425 mm and 14.5 wt.% to the fraction 0.425-6.3 mm. Excavated landfill MSW (10 years old waste), which consisted of around 54 wt.% material < 40 mm and about 46 wt.% material > 40 mm, exhibited a slight increase in the amount of the material < 40 mm with depth (Burlakovs, Kaczala et al, 2016;Bhatnagar et al, 2017). The results obtained by Kaartinen et al, 2013 indicated transport of the fraction < 20 mm (5-10 years old excavated MSW) towards the bottom layer of the landfill as well.…”

Section: Particle Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Nonetheless, there have been additional studies where the amount of metals has been found in significant concentrations, such as a study on the content of metallic elements in the fraction < 10 mm, at different depths, of the excavated waste from a MSW landfill (Burlakovs, Kaczala et al, 2016), which unveils that interesting concentrations of several metals with respect to material recovery, i.e. Fe (average concentrations above 10,000 mg/kg), Mg and Zn (average concentrations above 1,000 mg/kg), can be found in the fine fractions of landfilled waste, as well as concentrations above 100 mg/kg of metals like Mn, Ba, Cu, Pb and Sr. Also, results on the fraction < 40 mm show that the metal content (mainly Fe, Al and Cu) was about 0.6 wt.% of the same fraction (Burlakovs, Kriipsalu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Metals Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Fine Fractions From Landfill Mining: A Review of Previous Investigations

2018

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Several landfill mining (LFM) studies have been carried out in recent years all around the world. From these studies qualitative and quantitative information regarding the composition and characteristics of the different fractions excavated from landfills has been obtained. This information comprises data from various landfill sites around the globe from which useful correlations for future LFM projects can be identified. Of particular interest to this paper is the information regarding the fine fractions, which represent to this day a crucial obstacle in the implementation of LFM and enhanced landfill mining (ELFM). The fine fractions make up a considerable portion of the total amount of waste disposed of in landfills. Depending on the particle size chosen as upper limit to define the fines fraction, the portion of this fraction can be as high as 40-80 wt.% of the total excavated waste. These fractions consist of decomposed organic substances, e.g. humic substances, partly weathered mineral waste, e.g. sand, brick fragments, concrete, but also of fine metal particles, especially non-ferrous metals, and still a significant amount of plastics, paper and other calorific fractions. However, although calorific fractions might be used for energy recovery and inorganic fractions for material (especially metal) recovery, current LFM studies are discarding the fine fraction due to lacking or too expensive processing routes. Therefore, it is of critical interest to LFM and ELFM projects to reduce the particle size down to which the excavated material can be processed. This paper, which was elaborated within the framework of the EU Training Network for Resource Recovery through Enhanced Landfill Mining -NEW-MINE, aims to review the obtained data from different LFM studies from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills, concerning the fines fraction, in order to identify key aspects to be taken into consideration while designing the processing approach in future LFM and ELFM investigations.

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Section: Particle Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Metals Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Fine Fractions From Landfill Mining: A Review of Previous Investigations

2018

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“…Radu assessed the reliability of FPXRF by AAS [22], whereas some other scholars also used ICP-MS [21,[31][32][33][34] and ICP-AES [35][36][37] to conduct comparison with FPXRF.…”

Section: Correlation and Linear Regression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Using field-portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to identify the origin of Linqing brick: Considering for impact factors, assessing reliability and providing scientific advices

Chen¹,

Long²,

Hou³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Linqing brick is very famous in Chinese history. In 2008, "The manufacturing process of Linqing brick" was selected as the intangible cultural heritage list in China. Now in China, how to identify the origin of Linqing brick is an important issue in archeology and architectural history research. It can be used to verify some assumptions about the history of heritage buildings which cannot be solved only by historical documents. It can also be used to study the history of Linqing brick. Field portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (FPXRF) can quickly and non-destructively determine the main elements and concentrations of Linqing brick in situ. It may be significant for identifying the origin of Linqing brick. But FPXRF could be affected by many factors and it can only measure the element concentrations of surface. Which method we use can provide the most reliable data is an important issue. The aim of this study was to verify the reliability of FPXRF and to systematically evaluate different influential factors on measurement precision and accuracy, which can help with scientific advice for its use. We set up four experiments to determine the influential factors and assess reliability by cross validation using ICP-OES. Finally, we ensured that the FPXRF was reliable and determined the scientific advice required to use it to measure the main elements and concentrations of Linqing brick.

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“…Several scientific studies in the field of element speciation have been addressed to speciation analysis of polluted soils (Øygard et al 2008). Assessment of the mobility of toxic metals in landfill waste fine fractions is shown in details by Burlakovs et al (2016).…”

Section: Probing the Dump Interior Through Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Landfill mining in Europe has been performed mostly for experimental purposes with linked ideas to perform environmental remediation with partial recovery of materials and energy (see Table 1) Burlakovs et al 2013Burlakovs et al , 2015Burlakovs et al , 2016 In the early 1980s, New Jersey environmental officials started to talk about that 'Recycling Pays' and scepticism arose as profits from the sale of recycled materials seemingly were unrealistic. Recycling is a SWM option and whether to prevent and provide source reduction, continue landfilling, incinerate waste or do composting were debated.…”

Section: Brief History Of Lfm Case Studies and Development Of Paradigmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradigms on landfill mining: From dump site scavenging to ecosystem services revitalization

Burlakovs

Kriipsalu

Kļaviņš

et al. 2017

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

Self Cite

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For the next century to come, one of the biggest challenges is to provide the mankind with relevant and sufficient resources. The recovery of secondary resources plays a significant role. The industrial processes developed for regaining minerals for production of commodities in a circular economy become ever more important in the European Union and worldwide. Landfill mining (LFM) constitutes an important technological toolset of processes that regain the resources and redistribute them with an accompanying diminishment of hazardous influence of environmental contamination and other threats for human health hidden in former dump sites and landfills. 'Classical LFM' is a useful technology to discover hidden resources and look at the big picture of resources in the local, regional and global perspective. Therefore, this paper considers development of paradigms and attitudes to LFM as the technology for regaining calorific value; the furthering of deposited material valuable to more advanced concepts of enhanced LFM (ELFM); the recovery of landfill space and land value, and, finally, the possibility of full ecosystem services revitalization. The future of our civilisation depends on our wise use of commodities. Thus, waste operations beyond the Zero waste concept must be applied if mankind is to conquer space and the abyssal plains to conduct mining in the deepest oceans on the Earth. Other research areas feasible for LFM in terms of the environmental rehabilitation are given in the review. This compilation summarises the previous, current and future trends of LFM 2 technology regarding the paradigm developments that are influencing the attitude of scientists, industry and society to LFM as a complex tool for implementing the circular economy in practice. This review paper is based on a historical overview of global case studies and explores the methodology of waste management as regards the different tools for geochemical, geophysical and remote sensing that are used for field studies prior to the decisions whether LFM will be successful in an individual case. New technological developments of ELFM for the energy industry is described combined with a review of innovative material production. One chapter is dedicated to the Efficient Use of Resources and Optimal Production Economy (EUROPE) estimation model. The hazardous impacts of landfills, such as greenhouse gas emission and pollutants, are discussed. Throughout history, the major part of the 'LFM economy' has been viewed from a point of view of recovery of natural resources. Therefore, our main philosophy was to provide a historical experience linking with modern ideas of LFM to the increasingly relevant concept of a circular economy. The world is heading towards a restricted access to key resources. However, humanity should not limit itself to frame these restrictions but should also have a profound view on the global economy and life styles for future generations from an environmental and non-material resource standpoint. It is concluded that the big ...

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Mobility of Metals and Valorization of Sorted Fine Fraction of Waste After Landfill Excavation

Cited by 37 publications

References 25 publications

Characterization of Fine Fractions From Landfill Mining: A Review of Previous Investigations

Characterization of Fine Fractions From Landfill Mining: A Review of Previous Investigations

Using field-portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to identify the origin of Linqing brick: Considering for impact factors, assessing reliability and providing scientific advices

Paradigms on landfill mining: From dump site scavenging to ecosystem services revitalization

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