Mobility cost and degenerated diffusion in kinesis models

Abstract

A new critical effect is predicted in population dispersal. It is based on the fact that a trade-off between the advantages of mobility and the cost of mobility breaks with a significant deterioration in living conditions. The recently developed model of purposeful kinesis (Gorban & Ç abukoǧlu, Ecological Complexity 33, 2018) is based on the "let well enough alone" idea: mobility decreases for high reproduction coefficient and, therefore, animals stay longer in good conditions and leave quicker bad conditions. Mobility has a cost, which should be measured in the changes of the reproduction coefficient. Introduction of the cost of mobility into the reproduction coefficient leads to an equation for mobility. It can be solved in a closed form using Lambert W-function. Surprisingly, the "let well enough alone" models with the simple linear cost of mobility have an intrinsic phase transition: when conditions worsen then the mobility increases up to some critical value of the reproduction coefficient. For worse conditions, there is no solution for mobility. We interpret this critical effect as the complete loss of mobility that is degeneration of diffusion. Qualitatively, this means that mobility increases with worsening of conditions up to some limit, and after that, mobility is nullified.

Decision-Making in Agent-Based Modeling: A Current Review and Future Prospectus

“…Such individual movement behavior differs from random walk and can result in various patterns of collections of organisms (Patterson et al, 2008). "Purposeful kinesis" can alter diffusive patterns (Gorban and Çabukoglu, 2018), leading to positive density-dependent diffusion, or "super-diffusion, " and other variations on diffusion through dependence on population density (Topaz and Bertozzi, 2004;Lutscher, 2008;Almeida et al, 2015;Tilles and Petrovskii, 2016). For example, the phenomenon of clustering, in insect swarms and fish shoals, can occur when individuals accelerate in the direction of a positive density gradient (Tyutyunov et al, 2004).…”