Mobility-aware handover strategies in smart cities

Abstract

Supporting the Internet of Things and Smart City applications is one of the most important goals in the ongoing design process of 5G cellular systems. Another trend is an increasing focus on data-driven optimization and Self-Organized Networking, in order to automate network deployments and increase performance and efficiency. This approach, however, does not fully take advantage of the data generated by the Smart City. In this work, we propose to process and use the information flowing through the network from the city sensors to increase the awareness of the network itself, improving the communication performance. We exploit vehicular traffic data from the Traffic for London (TfL) sensor network to infer mobility patterns and improve the efficiency of LTE handovers

Cross‐layer routing protocol for event‐driven M2M communication in IoT‐assisted Smart City Planning and Management: CWSN‐eSCPM

“…A number of researches have been done where it has been found that IoT ecosystem with efficient routing and networking solution can be vital to achieving optimal performance [4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. However, it has been found that classical WSN systems cannot be effective for mobile M2M communication based routing to achieve optimal performance over SCPM [12][13][14].…”

“…Such explosively up surging demands would require more reliable and efficient data transmission system for numerous time-sensitive communication purposes such as mission-critical communication (MCC) in sensor networks, real-time monitoring and control, fire-sensing, wastemanagement system, surveillance purposes etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. An upsurge in urban population and allied demands are forcing metropolitan authorises and allied agencies to exploit the different technologies and computing platform so as to avail services with assured reliability, quality and availability.…”

“…Towards these objectives, Smart City Planning and Management (SCPM) has been one of the most sought areas where both almost all stakeholders including government agencies, industries as well as academia have been working deductively. Smart City concept predominantly exploits two key technologies, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) [4], Internet-of-Things (IoT) [4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and BigData computation, where the earlier intend to perform data gathering from different sources or sensors, while later exhibits user/decision centric computation. In the last few years, technologies such as BigData and IoT which exploit wireless communication paradigm to enable machine-to-machine (M2M) communication across functional components, as cumulative solution has been found potential solution towards SCPM.…”

“…WSN being a decentralised and infrastructure-less communication system can be of paramount significance to perform M2M communication in SCPM. However, the lack of mobility feature in the standard (native) IEEE 802.15.4 protocol confines WSN for M2M communication in SCPM where mobility is a common event [12][13][14]. On the contrary, considering the nature of data generated from the different sensing nodes and its distributed significance for SCPM decisions, it is inevitable to ensure timely and reliable data gathering from different sources [12][13][14].…”

“…Since WSN has been a potential technique for M2M communication, its suitability for IoT ecosystem cannot be ignored that in conjunction with BigData can enable optimal communication infrastructure for SCPM [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. However, classical WSN does not have any sophisticated mobility model and hence requires certain efficient and robust routing protocol to cope up with a mobility scenario in M2M communication assisted SCPM [12][13][14]. Practically, M2M communication undergoes dynamic topology forcing the network to suffer link-outage probability, congestion, increased latency high energy exhaustion, reduced network lifetime etc.…”