Mobility and potential risk of sediment-associated heavy metal fractions under continuous drought-rewetting cycles

Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of Reservoirs in the Lowland Area of Western Poland: Concentrations, Distribution, Sources and Ecological Risk

“…The obtained values of Q m-PEC and TRI were the most strongly correlated with TOM. Our research confirmed the results obtained by Lin et al [29] that the organic matter-bound fraction of heavy metal was a key mediator for ecological risk. Saleem et al [55] demonstrated that organic matter may retain heavy elements in sediments and play an important role in bottom sediment quality assessment.…”

“…Farhat and Aly [28] suggested that the organic matter was more important in controlling HM distribution. Organic matter was a key mediator for ecological risk [29]. Metals released into reservoirs are generally bound to the sediment bottom [30,31].…”

“…Flow regulation, local geomorphological characteristics and reservoir operations determine the redistribution of HMs [39,43]. In dam reservoirs the water-level fluctuation zone is important for the accumulation and redistribution of HMs [29,44]. Moreover, dredging operations, the emptying of reservoirs and flood events might lead to release of HMs to the water environment [45][46][47][48].…”

“…Moreover, some studies relate to HM concentrations in reservoir tributaries [16,56]. Many methods have been used for the assessment of bottom sediment HM pollution and to determine the potential risk of heavy metal contamination [29,[57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71].…”

The importance of drying and grinding samples for determining mobile chromium fractions in polluted river sediments

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Fig. 1Distribution of chromium fractions in river sediments (published studies: [1] Lin et al 2018; [2] Lee et al 2017; [3] Islam et al 2015; [4 ] Islam et al 2015a; [5] Islam et al 2015b; [6] Asa et al 2013; [7] Dhanakumar et al 2013; [8] Hejabi and Basavarajappa 2013; [9] Wang et al 2011; [10] Yu et al 2010; [11] Giridharan et al 2010; [12] Rath et al 2009; [13] Jain et al 2008; [14] Li et al 2007; [15] Akele et al 2016; [16] Chen et al 2016, [17] Pourabadehei and Mulligan 2015; [18] Fernandes and Nayak 2015; [19] Mayes et al 2011; [20] Liu et al 2009, [21] Głosińska et al 2005; [22] Sáenz et al 2003; [23] Ho and Egashira 2000; [24] González et al 2000; [25] Gómez-Ariza et al 2000b; [26] Xia et al 2018; [27] Gao et al 2018; [28] Unda-Calvo et al 2017; [29] Sayadi et al 2015; [30] Zhang et al 2015; [31] Martínez-Santos et al 2015; [32] Pandey et al 2015; [33] Pandey et al 2014; [34] Kumar et al 2014; [35] Qiao et al 2013; [36] Yang et al 2012; [37] Cai et al 2011; [38] Davutluoglu et al 2011; [39] Wu et al 2011; [40] Wang et al 2010; [41] Kolowski Rodrigues and Formoso 2006; [42] Reis et al 2005; [43] Liu et al 2018; [44] Świetlik and Trojanowska 2016; [45] Šestinova et al 2015; [46] Oyeyiola et al 2014; [47] Dundar et al 2013; [48] Roig et al 2013; [49] Dundar et al 2012; [50] Nemati et al 2011; [51] Priadi et al 2011; [52] Varejão et al 2011; [53] Yan et al 2010; [54] Lesven et al 2009; [55] Arias et al 2008)

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