Mobility and Load aware Routing protocol for ad hoc networks

Abstract

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are very promising wireless technology and they offer wide range of possibilities for the future in terms of applications and coverage. Due to the complex nature of MANETS, their development processes face several challenges such as routing. Many routing algorithms have been proposed for MANETs. Reactive routing protocols are favored and popular in MANETs because they are more scalable and generate fewer overhead on the network. But, these protocols suffer from the broadcast storm problem due to the flooding strategy that is used in the route discovery process which causes redundancy, contention and collision problems. In order to reduce the effects of the broadcast problem, a Mobility and Load aware Routing scheme (MLR) is proposed in this paper. MLR controls the flooding process by restricting the rebroadcast messages on the slow speed and low loaded nodes. Each node decides whether to forward or drop the received request message based on several factors (such as speed and routing load) using Markovian Decision Process tool. Simulation results show that MLR scheme outperforms the original AODV protocol in terms of normalized routing load and average end-to-end delay.

Efficient Load Balancing Routing Technique for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

“…In [21], author Khamayseh, et al presented a novel MLR (Mobility and Load aware Routing) method for reducing the impacts of broadcasting problem. Flooding process is controlled by MLR method by restricting messages of rebroadcast based on less speed as well as less loaded mobile nodes.…”

Load Balancing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks: A Survey

“…Khamayseh et.al [22] proposed a Mobility and Load aware Routing scheme (MLR) to reduce the effects of the broadcast problem. MLR controls the flooding process by restricting the rebroadcast messages on the slow speed and low loaded nodes.…”

Mobile Data Collector Routing Protocol Scheme for Scalable Dense Wireless Sensor Network to Optimize Node’s Life

“…A WSN can be deployed as per the business and application requirement, either loosely or tightly coupled (normal to dense or highly complex) scenarios. The connectivity and communication among the deployed sensor nodes are supported by routing protocols [5]- [8]. Unlike traditional routing protocols, WSNs are much more flexible in such that they can be deployed in various formations such as fixed or mobile nodes where each individual node acts as a router and performs computation and operation to receive and send data to the corresponding node.…”

“…These techniques are broadly categorized into two types of WSNs: Homogenous and Heterogeneous network. In Homogeneous WSN architecture, all participating nodes equally perform all tasks and act as a node to sense environmental data; and act as a router to transmit a packet from another node to the next hop, at the same time [8]- [11]. While in Heterogeneous WSN architecture, not all nodes are responsible to receive the environmental feeds.…”