Mobile Vehicular Offloading With Individual Mobility

Abstract

In vehicular communication, roadside infrastructure, such as WiFi APs, often requires a large amount of investment. In this paper, we propose the idea of Mobile Vehicular Offloading (MoVeOff), which doesn't require extra investment, but allows data transfer from on-board devices to mobile devices of drivers and passengers, for uploading to the Internet in the future. When they arrive at their homes, offices, or other places where WiFi connection is available, vehicular data will be offloaded in a delay-tolerant manner, by the ferrying of mobile devices. We build a realistic system to investigate the regularities in people's daily travelling and WiFi usage, analyze individual mobility, and establish a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) model to predict one's future WiFi connectivity. Moreover, a mobility-aware routing scheme is developed for inter-vehicle communication. Each vehicle broadcasts its expected offloading probability and delay, so that messages are dynamically delivered to the nodes, whose offloading can guarantee delay and delivery ratio bounds required by applications. Thus, our scheme overcomes traditional opportunistic forwarding, and introduces predictable ferrying guaranteed by individual mobility. Through system running and simulations, we demonstrate that our scheme provides extra and stable offloading service for delay-tolerant data in the areas with sparse roadside infrastructures.

Vehicular Communication Network Enabled CAV Data Offloading: A Review

“…a) Minimization of Cost, Energy, and Delay: In vehicular communications, roadside infrastructure such as WiFi APs often requires a significant investment. Yang et al [116] proposed a solution called "Mobile vehicular offloading (MoVeOff)," which does not require additional investment but allows data to be transferred from on-board devices to mobile devices of drivers and passengers for uploading to the internet. The data is offloaded in a delay-tolerant manner when the users arrive at places where they can access WiFi.…”

“…For the downlink data offloading category, some schemes are designed to handle delay-tolerant data in [101]- [106], [112]- [114], while the others [107]- [110] focused on delaysensitive data. In the same manner, the following schemes [116], [118], [119], [121], [122] focused on uplink delaytolerant data offloading, while delay-sensitive data offloading is handled in [117], [120]. Some of the reviewed offloading schemes considered spectrum-aware cognitive radio networks and SDN-based approaches to offload cellular traffic over VANET's momentary connections.…”

Vehicular Communication Network Enabled CAV Data Offloading: A Review

“…For the downlink data offloading category, some schemes are designed to handle delay-tolerant data in [101]- [106], [112]- [114], while the others [107]- [110] focused on delaysensitive data. In the same manner, the following schemes [116], [118], [119], [121], [122] focused on uplink delaytolerant data offloading, while delay-sensitive data offloading is handled in [117], [120]. Some of the reviewed offloading schemes considered spectrum-aware cognitive radio networks and SDN-based approaches to offload cellular traffic over VANET's momentary connections.…”