Mobile‐powered head‐mounted displays versus cave automatic virtual environment experiments for evacuation research

Ronchi, Enrico; Mayorga, David; Lovreglio, Ruggiero; Wahlqvist, Jonathan; Nilsson, Daniel

doi:10.1002/cav.1873

Cited by 37 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Recently, advances in 3D computer graphics and robotics have spurred interest in navigation experiments using immersive virtual reality. The emerging literature describes VR systems that contain contraptions ranging from mobile, desktop, and large displays to highly immersive HMDs, Fish Tank and Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE), and panorama manifestation (PM) systems (Meng & Zhang, 2014; Ronchi et al, 2016, 2019).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wired to Exit: Exploring the Effects of Wayfinding Affordances in Underground Facilities Using Virtual Reality

Kostakos

Alavesa

Korkiakoski

et al. 2020

Simulation & Gaming

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Background Wayfinding has been adopted in several intense evacuation and navigation simulations; however, the use of biometric measurements for characterizing physiological outcomes has been somewhat overlooked and applied only under limited laboratory conditions. Methods Twenty-four participants took part in a virtual reality (VR) experiment using a wayfinding installation with the Oculus Rift S head-mounted display (HMD). They were immersed in a simulation of a burning underground parking lot and tasked to navigate to the exit. The purpose of this research was to investigate the high-level effect of wayfinding assistive lights on behavioral, physiological, and psychological outcomes. Participants were split into two groups: the control group was exposed to a scene without assistive lights, and the experimental group was exposed to the same scene with assistive lights. Results Results indicate there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in traveled distance, pauses, turns, or game completion time. Curiously, differences between the two groups in heart rate (HR) outcomes were found to be statistically significant, with subjects in the control group displaying an increasing HR trend during simulation. Conclusions This finding, in accordance with previous studies that have shown the efficacy of landmarks and wayfinding affordances in reducing cognitive demands, suggests that assistive lights might contribute to improved brain wiring connectivity during the game. We discuss these findings in the context of a rich wayfinding affordances literature.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wired to Exit: Exploring the Effects of Wayfinding Affordances in Underground Facilities Using Virtual Reality

Kostakos

Alavesa

Korkiakoski

et al. 2020

Simulation & Gaming

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“…The design of a virtual environment (VE), that is a specific scene in VR, depends on several factors, being the selection of the VR equipment to use one of the main limitations. There is a wide selection of VR equipment, ranging from head mounted displays (HMD), including mobile‐powered HMD, to Cave Automatic Virtual Environments 15 . The selection of the equipment will affect the overall design, as the computational power and the human‐machine interface play important roles.…”

Section: The Vr Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pursuing behavioral realism in Virtual Reality for fire evacuation research

et al. 2020

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Summary The use of virtual reality in human behavior in fire research has the advantage of being able to produce results comparable to more traditional laboratory or field experiments. This method relies not only on the technology employed but also on the participants' perception of realism when exposed to a virtual emergency scenario. A virtual scenario can be perceived as realistic based on the way it looks and on the way objects in it operates. However, in some experiments, behavioral realism can be the most relevant feature to obtain meaningful results. In this article, knowledge gained by running four different virtual reality experiments is presented in the form of challenges and recommendations to enhance the realism of the virtual experience. Although not in a comprehensive way, these challenges and recommendations refer to different parts of the process of running a virtual reality experiment for research in human behavior in fire, from the design of the environment to the behavior of the participants in it. The recommendations provided are based on observations. By spreading this knowledge, it is expected to aid the broader fire safety engineering community to develop more realistic virtual reality experiments for data collection on human behavior in fire.

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“…Different types of VR technologies are today available that can be used to perform VR experiments of evacuation scenarios, including virtual cars, driving simulators using powerwalls/multi-projector systems or head mounted displays (HMD) where driving can be arranged with different types of controllers [9,34]. Given the lower hardware cost, easier installation and expected level of immersion, the use of an HMD connected to a steering wheel and pedals (accelerator and brake) was eventually chosen to perform this experiment.…”

Section: Equipment and Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

Individual Driving Behaviour in Wildfire Smoke

2020

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This work presents the results of a virtual reality (VR) experiment aiming at investigating how individual driving behaviour is affected by the presence of wildfire smoke. The experiment included a driving simulation task to study the chosen driving speed at different smoke densities and the lateral position of the driven car on the road cross section. During the VR experiment, participants were presented with a simulated wildfire evacuation scenario including the presence of smoke through a head mounted display and were given a task to evacuate via car using a steering wheel and pedals on a single carriageway road with two lanes. A total of 46 participants took part in the experiments and their driven trajectories along with their instantaneous speed were collected in 5 different visibility conditions. Driving speed decreased with increasing smoke density. No difference in choice of speed was found in relation to the smoke density in the previously driven road segment (in thicker or thinner smoke). No difference in lateral position (closer to or further from the centreline of the road) at different smoke densities was found. Suggested correlations between driving speed and wildfire smoke density are provided in this paper, referring to either a fractional reduction of the speed in smoke-free conditions or an absolute choice of speed at a given visibility condition. These correlations are useful to provide more accurate estimation of evacuation times with traffic evacuation modelling tools in case of wildfire and wildland-urban interface fire scenarios.

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Mobile‐powered head‐mounted displays versus cave automatic virtual environment experiments for evacuation research

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

Wired to Exit: Exploring the Effects of Wayfinding Affordances in Underground Facilities Using Virtual Reality

Wired to Exit: Exploring the Effects of Wayfinding Affordances in Underground Facilities Using Virtual Reality

Pursuing behavioral realism in Virtual Reality for fire evacuation research

Individual Driving Behaviour in Wildfire Smoke

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