“…Media communications studies has paid some attention to mobile phones and homelessness (Galperin et al, 2021; Humphry, 2021; Marler, 2019), and to homeless communities’ use of social media platforms (Buente et al, 2020). Within the ICT for development literature and the broader field of development studies, many studies have problematized marginalized women's relationships with mobile phones (Bailur et al, 2015; Oosten, 2021; Porter, 2011; Porter et al, 2019; Ramisch, 2016; Wyche et al, 2016; Zelezny-Green, 2018), exploring the negative impacts of excessive or uncontrolled phone, social media, and internet use on face-to-face social relationships and mental health (Kim, 2017; Zhong et al, 2022). However, as it is typically premised upon a model of stable family and living arrangements, this literature stands in stark contrast to MEH people's experiences of using mobile phones, which are characterized by multiple forms of instability, including periods of disconnection, interrupted credit, phone breakages and loss, and difficulties with charging mobile phones and accessing Wi-Fi.…”