Mobile phone base stations and adverse health effects: phase 1 of a population-based, cross-sectional study in Germany

Blettner, Maria; Schlehofer, Brigitte; Breckenkamp, Jürgen; Kowall, Bernd; Schmiedel, Sven; Reis, Ursula; Potthoff, Peter; Schüz, Joachim; Berg‐Beckhoff, Gabriele

doi:10.1136/oem.2007.037721

Cited by 132 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…So far, no health effects could consistently be demonstrated below this level (Röösli et al 2010b). Nevertheless, there is some uncertainty about long term health effects at low exposure levels and minimizing exposure to RF-EMF has been recommended Blettner et al 2008;Neubauer et al 2007;WHO 2010) and many countries have thus introduced precautionary limits. Whether such measures are effective to reduce population exposure has not been evaluated so far.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This growth and ubiquitous use of wireless technology in society has raised public concerns regarding potential adverse health effects from RF-EMF exposure (Blettner et al 2008;Schreier et al 2006). This has pressured some countries (e.g., Switzerland and Belgium) to lower the precautionary regulatory exposure limits, whereas other countries (e.g., the Netherlands) retained exposure limits as proposed by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure levels in different European outdoor urban environments in comparison with regulatory limits

Urbinello

Joseph

Huss

et al. 2014

Environment International

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BackgroundConcerns of the general public about potential adverse health effects caused by radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) led authorities to introduce precautionary exposure limits, which vary considerably between regions. It may be speculated that precautionary limits affect the base station network in a manner that mean population exposure unintentionally increases. AimsThe objectives of this multicenter study were to compare mean exposure levels in outdoor areas across four different European cities and to compare with regulatory RF-EMF exposure levels in the corresponding areas. MethodsWe performed measurements in the cities of Amsterdam (the Netherlands, regulatory limits for 3 ConclusionsAll exposure levels were far below international reference levels proposed by ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation). Our study did not find indications that lowering the regulatory limit results in higher mobile phone base station exposure levels. KEY WORDSPortable exposure meter; Radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF); Regulatory limits;Exposure assessment 4

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure levels in different European outdoor urban environments in comparison with regulatory limits

Urbinello

Joseph

Huss

et al. 2014

Environment International

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“…Surveys using conventional psychological tests or questions with “yes” or “no” answers have been the most commonly used measures for the evaluation of effects of EMFs on health [Abdel‐Rassoul et al, 2007, Berg‐Beckhoff et al, 2009; Blettner et al, 2009]. However, investigations using conventional questionnaires failed to reveal any specific symptoms of EHS, nor clarified the severity of symptoms associated with exposure to specific EMF objects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and evaluation of an electromagnetic hypersensitivity questionnaire for Japanese people

Hojo

Tokiya

Mizuki

et al. 2016

Bioelectromagnetics

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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of a Japanese version of an electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) questionnaire, originally developed by Eltiti et al. in the United Kingdom. Using this Japanese EHS questionnaire, surveys were conducted on 1306 controls and 127 self‐selected EHS subjects in Japan. Principal component analysis of controls revealed eight principal symptom groups, namely, nervous, skin‐related, head‐related, auditory and vestibular, musculoskeletal, allergy‐related, sensory, and heart/chest‐related. The reliability of the Japanese EHS questionnaire was confirmed by high to moderate intraclass correlation coefficients in a test–retest analysis, and high Cronbach's α coefficients (0.853–0.953) from each subscale. A comparison of scores of each subscale between self‐selected EHS subjects and age‐ and sex‐matched controls using bivariate logistic regression analysis, Mann–Whitney U‐ and χ 2 tests, verified the validity of the questionnaire. This study demonstrated that the Japanese EHS questionnaire is reliable and valid, and can be used for surveillance of EHS individuals in Japan. Furthermore, based on multiple logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses, we propose specific preliminary criteria for screening EHS individuals in Japan. Bioelectromagnetics. 37:353–372, 2016. © 2016 The Authors. Bioelectromagnetics Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Blettner et al 19 found no association between living close to mobile phone base station and in-Cad. Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, 31(10):1-16, out, 2015 creased cancer incidence, concluding that nonionizing electromagnetic radiation emissions were not related to adverse health outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposição a radiações eletromagnéticas não ionizantes da telefonia celular e sintomas psiquiátricos

et al. 2015

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Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar a associação entre exposição a radiações eletromagnéticas não ionizantes da estação radiobase de telefonia celular e sintomas à saúde. Em um estudo transversal realizado em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, entrevistaram-se 440 indivíduos. Queixas e diagnósticos psiquiátricos constituíram as variáveis dependentes e a distância do domicílio para estação radiobase foi considerada a variável independente principal. Realizou-se análise de regressão logística hierarquizada para avaliação de confundimento e efeito. Observou-se associação entre sintomas psiquiátricos e residir próximo à estação radiobase e formas de uso do telefone celular (sinal de cobertura fraco, perto do corpo, dois ou mais chips e nunca desligar o celular quando dorme) e com uso de outros eletroeletrônicos. Concluiu-se que a exposição à radiação eletromagnética não ionizante de telefonia celular e a outros eletroeletrônicos foi associada aos sintomas psiquiátricos independente do sexo, escolaridade e tabagismo. Recomenda-se a adoção de medidas precaucionárias no sentido de se reduzir este tipo de exposição.

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Mobile phone base stations and adverse health effects: phase 1 of a population-based, cross-sectional study in Germany

Abstract: A substantial proportion of the German population is concerned about adverse health effects caused by exposure from mobile phone base stations. The observed slightly higher prevalence of health complaints near base stations can not however be fully explained by attributions or concerns.

Cited by 132 publications

References 12 publications

Radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure levels in different European outdoor urban environments in comparison with regulatory limits

Radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure levels in different European outdoor urban environments in comparison with regulatory limits

Development and evaluation of an electromagnetic hypersensitivity questionnaire for Japanese people

Exposição a radiações eletromagnéticas não ionizantes da telefonia celular e sintomas psiquiátricos

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