Mobile Media Device Use is Associated with Expressive Language Delay in 18-Month-Old Children

Heuvel, Meta van den; Ma, Julia; Borkhoff, Cornelia M.; Koroshegyi, Christine; Dai, David; Parkin, Patricia C.; Maguire, Jonathon L.; Birken, Catherine S.

doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000000630

Cited by 85 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In this age group, screen time is not recommended at all [1,4]. However, previous studies across different settings have shown that screen time is high in this age group, and detrimentally associated with adiposity, motor development, and language development [11,12,23]. A few mothers thought that screen time was beneficial for infants, providing opportunities for learningparticularly language.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A qualitative study reporting maternal perceptions of the importance of play for healthy growth and development in the first two years of life

et al. 2020

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Background In order for infants and toddlers to meet recommended movement guidelines, their caregivers need to encourage play daily. This study used a qualitative approach to understand how mothers perceive and promote play and physical activity during the first 2 years of life. Methods Mothers with children between 0 and 24 months were recruited from the SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit in Soweto, South Africa. 19 mothers agreed to participate and were grouped into three focus group discussions (FGDs) by age of the child: 0–6-months, 7–14-months, and 15–24-months. Thereafter, 12 mothers (4 from each FGD) were selected for inclusion in in-depth interviews (IDIs). After coding and theme/sub-theme identification had been completed for all IDIs, a process of cross-cutting theme identification and confirmation across FGDs and IDIs was carried out. Results The mothers were (mean ± SD) 27 (6) years old. All mothers had attended secondary school, but only nine had matriculated. Only one mother was married (and lived with the child’s father), and the majority (n = 15) were unemployed. Most children were male (63%) and were aged 11 (7) months. Four main themes emerged: 1) Physical activity as an indicator for health, 2) Promoting play and development, 3) Gender bias in play, and 4) Screen time. Conclusions This study showed that developmental attainment was the most important outcome for mothers, and so focussing intervention content on the promotion of child development through movement is advised. Screen time was freely available to children, and we recommend educating mothers on the movement guidelines, with a particular focus on the detrimental effects of screen time in this age group. Mothers reported many barriers to promoting play, and these are essential to consider when designing interventions in this context, in order to allow for equal opportunities for play to be provided to all children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A qualitative study reporting maternal perceptions of the importance of play for healthy growth and development in the first two years of life

et al. 2020

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“…Population-based studies and a very recent meta-analysis showed associations between excessive TV viewing in early childhood and language, cognitive and socio-emotional delay; possible mechanisms responsible for this association would be inappropriate content, decrease in parent-child interaction and poor family functioning. Furthermore, earlier age of media use onset, cumulative hours of media use and contents were independent predictors of poor cognitive and linguistic skills [31,[39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Devices Use and Language Skills in Children Between 8-36 Month

Operto¹,

Pastorino²,

Marciano³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Over the past decade, the use of digital tools has grown and research evidence suggests that traditional media and new media offer both benefits and health risks for young children. The abilities to understand and use language represent two of the most important competencies developed during the first 3 years of life through the interaction of the child with people, objects, events, and other environmental factors. The main goal of our study is to evaluate the relationship between digital devices use and language abilities in children between 8-36 month, considering also the influence of several variables. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study on 260 healthy children (140 males = 54%) aged between 8-36 months (mean=23.5±7.18 months). All the parents completed a self-report questionnaire investigating the use of digital devices by their children, and a standardized questionnaire for the assessment of language skills (MacArthur). Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between different variables. Subsequent moderation analysis were performed to verify the influence of other factors. Results: W found a statistically significant negative correlation between the total daily time of exposure to digital devices and the Actions and Gestures Quotient (ß=-0.397) in children between 8-17 months, and between the total daily time of exposure to digital devices and Language Quotient (ß=-0.224) in children between 18-36 months. Sex, level of education/job of parents, modality of use/content of digital device do not significantly affect these relationships. Conclusion: In our study we found that a longer time of exposure to digital devices was related to lower mimic-gestural skills in children from 8-17 months and to lower language skills in children between 18-36 months, regardless of age, sex, socio-economic status, content and modality of use. Further studies are needed to confirm and better understand this relationship, but parents and pediatricians are advised to limit the use of digital devices by children and encourage the social interaction to support the learning of language and communication skills in this age group.

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“…Another systematic review examining the relationship between sedentary behaviour and cognitive development (n=96 studies) found unfavourable or no association between screen time and cognitive development, and favourable or no association between reading/storytelling and cognitive development, but due to heterogeneity, meta-analyses were not possible 49. A recent cross-sectional study from our group showed mobile screen use was associated with increased risk of communication delays in infants aged 18 months 50. Furthermore, according to a systematic review (n=26 studies), poor sleep quality and inadequate quantity (ie, chronic sleep deprivation) among children aged 1–17 years were related to worse behavioural and/or cognitive outcomes, but the strength of the association was low and there was a high degree of heterogeneity 51.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Fit for School Study protocol: early child growth, health behaviours, nutrition, cardiometabolic risk and developmental determinants of a child’s school readiness, a prospective cohort

et al. 2019

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IntroductionSchool readiness is a multidimensional construct that includes cognitive, behavioural and emotional aspects of a child’s development. School readiness is strongly associated with a child’s future school success and well-being. The Early Development Instrument (EDI) is a reliable and valid teacher-completed tool for assessing school readiness in children at kindergarten age. A substantial knowledge gap exists in understanding how early child growth, health behaviours, nutrition, cardiometabolic risk and development impact school readiness. The primary objective was to determine if growth patterns, measured by body mass index trajectories in healthy children aged 0–5 years, are associated with school readiness at ages 4–6 years (kindergarten age). Secondary objectives were to determine if other health trajectories, including health behaviours, nutrition, cardiometabolic risk and development, are associated with school readiness at ages 4–6 years. This paper presents the Fit for School Study protocol.Methods and analysisThis is an ongoing prospective cohort study. Parents of children enrolled in the The Applied Health Research Group for Kids (TARGet Kids!) practice-based research network are invited to participate in the Fit for School Study. Child growth, health behaviours, nutrition, cardiometabolic risk and development data are collected annually at health supervision visits and linked to EDI data collected by schools. The primary and secondary analyses will use a two-stage process: (1) latent class growth models will be used to first determine trajectory groups, and (2) generalised linear mixed models will be used to examine the relationship between exposures and EDI results.Ethics and disseminationThe research ethics boards at The Hospital for Sick Children, Unity Health Toronto and McMaster University approved this study, and research ethics approval was obtained from each school board with a student participating in the study. The findings will be presented locally, nationally and internationally and will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT01869530.

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Mobile Media Device Use is Associated with Expressive Language Delay in 18-Month-Old Children

Cited by 85 publications

References 29 publications

A qualitative study reporting maternal perceptions of the importance of play for healthy growth and development in the first two years of life

A qualitative study reporting maternal perceptions of the importance of play for healthy growth and development in the first two years of life

Digital Devices Use and Language Skills in Children Between 8-36 Month

Fit for School Study protocol: early child growth, health behaviours, nutrition, cardiometabolic risk and developmental determinants of a child’s school readiness, a prospective cohort

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