Mobile Carbapenemase Genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Yoon, Eunju; Jeong, Seok Hoon

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.614058

Cited by 126 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 209 publications

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“…Therefore, its prevalence is closely depending on geographic region, methods of testing and the major variability in application of infection control guidelines and antibiotic stewardships, which affect spread of resistant strains. 24 Minimum inhibitory concentration of meropenem in 84% of the isolates was more than 128g/ml in this study; reflecting high resistance in these isolates. This finding was in accordance with a study which revealed high level of meropenem resistance (MIC > 64 µg/ml), which was allied to multiple mechanisms including carbapenemase production and efflux-pump overexpression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

The in Vitro Effect of Vitamin D on the Antibiotic Susceptibility of Carbapenem Resistant Pseudomonas species

sahloul

2021

Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas infections become a serious problem with limited options of treatment. Many studies support the role of vitamin D in competing different infections by many mechanisms through enhancing host immune defense. Objective: to assess the antimicrobial effect of vitamin D on carbapenemresistant Pseudomonas. Methodology: Fifty carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas isolates were studied. All isolates were tested for susceptibility to imipenem and meropenem using disk diffusion method. Modified carbapenem inactivation methods were done for carbapenemase and metallo-beta-lactamase detection. Isolates were tested for MIC of meropenem and vitamin D by broth-microdilution and their combination by checkerboard method. Results: Regarding the combination between meropenem and vitamin D; 10 isolates showed decrease in their MIC of meropenem. One isolate showed additive result, 5 isolates showed decrease more than 2 folds, 4 isolates showed 2 folds decrease. Conclusion: Vitamin D acts as an adjuvant to meropenem rather than having a direct antimicrobial effect on carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

The in Vitro Effect of Vitamin D on the Antibiotic Susceptibility of Carbapenem Resistant Pseudomonas species

sahloul

2021

Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…As acquisition of carbapenemases is considered to be of high epidemiological concern in the growing resistance to carbapenems [14], 32 carbapenem-resistant isolates from our previous study [23] were screened for common carbapenemase genes (Table 1) using conventional end-point PCR.…”

Section: Detection Of Carbapenemase Genes In Resistant P Aeruginosa Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resistance to carbapenems in P. aeruginosa can occur through three major mechanisms: acquisition of carbapenemases (carbapenem-hydrolyzing enzymes), which hydrolyze the β-lactam ring directly; overexpression of drug efflux pumps, such as those belonging to the resistance-nodulation-division (RND) family, which facilitate the export of carbapenems from the cell; and reduction in cell permeability through the downregulation or loss of OprD porins required for carbapenem entry [12,13]. Notably, the acquisition of carbapenemases is of great concern, as these can hydrolyze most β-lactam antibiotics and are encoded by genes carried on mobile genetic elements, which aid in the horizontal transfer of these genes to other bacterial species [6,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First detected in Adelaide, Australia in 2008 [21], kinetic analysis of the AIM-1 MBL enzyme revealed that it had a broadspectrum hydrolysis of β-lactams, including carbapenems, but not aztreonam [21]. It is a thousand times more efficient in its ability to hydrolyze common carbapenems, such as meropenem and imipenem, compared to the most frequently occurring MBLs, such as VIM-2 (Verona integron-encoded MBL) and IMP (imipenemase) enzymes [14,21]. Although both the crystal structure and the catalytic efficiency of this enzyme for different β-lactam antibiotics have been elucidated [21,22], the origin, distribution and contribution to carbapenem resistance have not been established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Worldwide distribution and environmental origin of the Adelaide imipenemase (AIM-1), a potent carbapenemase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

et al. 2021

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Carbapenems are potent broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics reserved for the treatment of serious infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The surge in P. aeruginosa resistant to carbapenems is an urgent threat, as very few treatment options remain. Resistance to carbapenems is predominantly due to the presence of carbapenemase enzymes. The assessment of 147 P . aeruginosa isolates revealed that 32 isolates were carbapenem non-wild-type. These isolates were screened for carbapenem resistance genes using PCR. One isolate from wastewater contained the Adelaide imipenemase gene (bla AIM-1) and was compared phenotypically with a highly carbapenem-resistant clinical isolate containing the bla AIM-1 gene. A further investigation of wastewater samples from various local healthcare and non-healthcare sources as well as river water, using probe-based qPCR, revealed the presence of the bla AIM-1 gene in all the samples analysed. The widespread occurrence of bla AIM-1 throughout Adelaide hinted at the possibility of more generally extensive spread of this gene than originally thought. A blast search revealed the presence of the bla AIM-1 gene in Asia, North America and Europe. To elucidate the identity of the organism(s) carrying the bla AIM-1 gene, shotgun metagenomic sequencing was conducted on three wastewater samples from different locations. Comparison of these nucleotide sequences with a whole-genome sequence of a P. aeruginosa isolate revealed that, unlike the genetic environment and arrangement in P. aeruginosa , the bla AIM-1 gene was not carried as part of any mobile genetic elements. A phylogenetic tree constructed with the deduced amino acid sequences of AIM-1 suggested that the potential origin of the bla AIM-1 gene in P. aeruginosa might be the non-pathogenic environmental organism, Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana .

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“…To date, the MGE-related carbapenemase families that have been reported in P. aeruginosa include class A (KPC-2 [6] and GES [7]), class B (IMP [8], VIM [9], SPM [10], NDM [11], AIM [12], SIM [13], FIM [14], HMB [15], and CAM [16]), and class D (OXA-40-like [17], OXA-48-like [18], and OXA-198-like [19]). P. aeruginosa is the predominant host for class B enzymes, while class A and D enzymes are less commonly reported in this species [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Characterization of blaKPC-2-Carrying Plasmid pR31-KPC from a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain Isolated in China

Yuan

Guan²,

Sha³

et al. 2021

Antibiotics

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This work aimed to characterize a 29-kb blaKPC-2-carrying plasmid, pR31-KPC, from a multidrug resistant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the sputum of an elderly patient with multiple chronic conditions in China. The backbone of pR31-KPC is closely related to four other blaKPC-2-carrying plasmids, YLH6_p3, p1011-KPC2, p14057A, and pP23-KPC, none of which have been assigned to any of the known incompatibility groups. Two accessory modules, the IS26-blaKPC-2-IS26 unit and IS26-ΔTn6376-IS26 region, separated by a 5.9-kb backbone region, were identified in pR31-KPC, which was also shown to carry the unique resistance marker blaKPC-2. A comparative study of the above five plasmids showed that p1011-KPC2 may be the most complete plasmid of this group to be reported, while pR31-KPC is the smallest plasmid having lost most of its conjugative region. Regions between the iterons and orf207 in the backbone may be hot spots for the acquisition of exogenous resistance entities. The accessory regions of these plasmids have all undergone several biological events when compared with Tn6296. The further transfer of blaKPC-2 in these plasmids may be initiated by either the Tn3 family or IS26-associated transposition or homologous recombination. The data presented here will contribute to a deeper understanding of blaKPC-2 carrying plasmids in Pseudomonas.

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Mobile Carbapenemase Genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Cited by 126 publications

References 209 publications

The in Vitro Effect of Vitamin D on the Antibiotic Susceptibility of Carbapenem Resistant Pseudomonas species

The in Vitro Effect of Vitamin D on the Antibiotic Susceptibility of Carbapenem Resistant Pseudomonas species

Worldwide distribution and environmental origin of the Adelaide imipenemase (AIM-1), a potent carbapenemase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Characterization of blaKPC-2-Carrying Plasmid pR31-KPC from a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain Isolated in China

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