“…AI affects a diverse range of industries from health care to retail (Campbell et al, 2020;Jablonska & Polkowski, 2017) and allows systems to support human capabilities and intelligence by comprehending, acting, and learning (Drydakis, 2021;Enholm et al, 2021;Lichtenthaler, 2019;OECD, 2017;Shabbir & Anwer, 2015). Moreover, AI advances big data collection and processing, analysis, drives conclusions and provides recommendations (Drydakis, 2021;Jablonska & Polkowski, 2017;Bengio et al, 2013). AI is utilised by SMEs to support their business operations in areas such as sales and marketing, conversational commerce, customer service support, data analytics, sustainable development, credit evaluations, risk assessments, cybersecurity and legal services (Basri, 2021;Camacho-Miñano et al, 2015;Hamal & Senvar, 2021;Ikumoro & Jawad, 2019;Kim et al, 2019;Pérez et al, 2019;Rebón et al, 2015;Sood, 2020;Watney & Auer, 2021), helping to improve the quality optimisation, operational efficiencies and overall development of SMEs (Hansen & Bøgh, 2021;Kumar & Kalse, 2021).…”