Mobbing Exposure of Anaesthesiology Residents in Turkey

Abstract

Objective: In recent years, psychological problems that are caused by working conditions like burn-out syndrome are more commonly observed. In our study, we aimed to evaluate mobbing exposure, factors causing mobbing and precautions for mobbing in residency students who are educated in anaesthesiology and reanimation clinics in Turkey. Methods:After obtaining consent from the ethics committee, we sent our questionnaires to the secretariats of the departments by postal mail. Completed questionnaires were collected in our department's secretariat blindly and randomly mixed. One hundred and one participants were returned the questionnaires. Data was statistically analysed in SPSS 21.0 software programme.Results: During residency programme, 63% participants stated have experienced mobbing one or more time. Interestingly, 5.9% participants complained of physical mobbing. Mobbing exposure was more common in females. The most serious new onset psychosomatic symptoms stated during residency were committing suicide (2%), addiction (16%), severe depression (18%), panic attack (8%), more accidents (7%) and tendency of violence (15%). In mobbing group there was statistically significant dissatisfaction rate. Conclusion:In professions where mobbing is common, incidences of psychiatric diseases and suicide are increased. Residents who are targets of mobbing should be noticed carefully to ensure good judgement and problems should be inspected objectively in a detailed manner. Anesthesiology socities and other medical professional socities should establish mobbing committees. Thus, mobbing problems can be resolved and healthy career oppurtunities can be presented to residents. Keywords: Mobbing, anaesthesiology, residentsAmaç: Son yıllarda mesleki tükenmişlik gibi psikolojik problemler artış gösterdiğinden çalışmamızda Türkiye'deki Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon kliniklerinde eğitim alan uzmanlık öğrencilerinin psikolojik taciz (mobbing) maruziyetini, buna neden olan faktörleri ve alınabilecek önlemleri değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.Yöntemler: Etik kurul onayı sonrası, anket formları ilgili bölüm-lerin sekreterliğine kargo yoluyla iletildi. Bölümümüz sekreterliğine geri gelen doldurulmuş anket formları sekreterlerimiz tarafından kör olarak randomize şekilde toplandı. Yüz bir anket formu doldurulmuştu. Anketlerden elde edilen veriler SPSS 21,0 paket programında istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Uzmanlık eğitimi süresince en az bir kez mobbinge maruz kaldığını belirten katılımcıların oranı %69,3 idi. İlg-inç olarak %5,9 oranında katılımcı fiziksel mobbinge maruz kaldığını belirtmişti. Mobbing kadın cinsiyette daha fazlaydı ve yeni başlangıçlı psikosomatik hastalıklar ile ilişkiliydi. Bunlardan en ciddileri %2 özkıyım girişimi, %16 madde bağımlılığı, %18 depresyon, %8 panik atak, %15 şiddet eğilimiydi. Mobbing grubunda belirgin olarak mesleki memnuniyetsizlik oranı yüksekti. Sonuç:Mobbingin sık uygulandığı meslek gruplarında psikolojik hastalıklar ve özkıyım oranları da artmaktadır. İş yerinde mobbinge maruz kalan uzmanlık ...

Health consequences of bullying in the healthcare workplace: A systematic review

“…Fourteen papers measured depression; eight found significant associations with bullying (Demir, Rodwell, & Flower, ; Ekici & Beder, ; Loerbroks et al., ; Nixon & Spector, ; Rodwell & Demir, ; Rugulies et al., ; Sá & Fleming, ; Yildirim, ), three did not comment on significance (Shabazz, Parry‐Smith, Oates, Henderson, & Mountfield, ; Vessey, Demarco, Gaffney, & Budin, ; Yildirim & Yildirim, ) and three found no significant association (Aykut et al., ; Pranjic, Males‐Bilic, Beganlic, & Mustajbegovic, ; Reknes et al., ). Of the papers which presented correlation coefficients, the strongest positive correlation was in a cross‐sectional study of 286 Turkish nurses; Pearson's product moment correlation r = 0.51 ( p < 0.001) (D. Yildirim, ).…”

“…Eleven papers measured burnout, all of which found that bullying and burnout were significantly associated (Allen, Holland, & Reynolds, ; Aykut et al., ; Deery, Walsh, & Guest, ; Laschinger & Fida, ; Laschinger, Grau, Finegan, & Wilk, ; Laschinger, Grau, Finegan, & Wilk, ; Laschinger, Wong, & Grau, ; Read & Laschinger, ; Sá & Fleming, ; Trepanier, Fernet, & Austin, 2013a, ). Six papers used the subscales developed by Maslach et al., which measure burnout via ‘emotional exhaustion’ and ‘cynicism’ (Maslach, Schaufeli, & Leiter, ).…”

“…Five papers measured suicidal ideation or attempted suicide; two found significant associations with bullying (Sterud, Hem, Lau, & Ekeberg, ; Wall et al., ), two did not comment on the significance of their results (Shabazz et al., ; A. Yildirim & Yildirim, ) and one found a non‐significant association with bullying (Aykut et al., ). In a cross‐sectional study of 1,286 ambulance personnel in Norway suicidal ideation was found to be independently associated with bullying at work, with an OR of 1.70 (95% CI 1.0, 2.7) (Sterud et al., ).…”

“…It should be noted that while sleep is included in the physical health section of this paper, it can also be an important mental health indicator and a symptom of several mental health conditions (Hunt, Greenberg, & Jones, ). Nine papers measured sleep; two found significant associations with bullying (Reknes et al., ; Sorensen et al., ), four did not comment on significance (da Silva Joao & Saldanha Portelada, ; Shabazz et al., ; Vessey et al., ; A. Yildirim & Yildirim, ) and three were non‐significant (Aykut et al., ; Pranjic et al., ; Sá & Fleming, ). A two‐wave longitudinal study of 1,582 nurses in Norway found that bullying at T1 significantly predicted an increase in fatigue 1 year later at T2 β = 0.06 ( p < 0.01) (Reknes et al., ).…”

“…A cross‐sectional investigation of 1,572 healthcare workers in the USA showed significant association between harassment at work and sleep deficiency OR 1.38 (95% CI 1.1, 1.8) (Sorensen et al., ). Three papers finding no significant association included a cross‐sectional study of 107 Portuguese nurses with a correlation between bullying and insomnia of r = 0.17 ( p = 0.07) (Sá & Fleming, ), a cross‐sectional investigation of 511 physicians in Bosnia and Herzegovina where 31% of the bullied group experienced sleeplessness by comparison to 25% of the non‐bullied group ( p = 0.65) (Pranjic et al., ) and a cross‐sectional study of 101 anaesthesiologists in Turkey where 29.7% of the bullied group experienced prolonged sleep problems, compared with 8.9% of the non‐bullied group ( p > 0.05) (Aykut et al., ).…”