Mo oxide modified catalysts for direct methanol, formaldehyde and formic acid fuel cells

Abstract

Pt black and PtRu black fuel cell anodes have been modified with Mo oxide and evaluated in direct methanol, formaldehyde and formic acid fuel cells. Mo oxide deposition by reductive electrodeposition from sodium molybdate or by spraying of the fuel cell anode with aqueous sodium molybdate resulted in similar performance gains in formaldehyde cells. At current densities below ca. 20 mA cm )2 , cell voltages were 350-450 mV higher when the Pt catalyst was modified with Mo oxide, but these performance gains decreased sharply at higher current densities. For PtRu, voltage gains of up to 125 mV were observed. Modification of Pt and PtRu back catalysts with Mo oxide also significantly improved their activities in direct formic acid cells, but performances in direct methanol fuel cells were decreased.

Electrocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde on nickel modified ionic liquid carbon paste electrode as a simple and efficient electrode

“…Formaldehyde is also used in technologically important processes such as electroless copper plating and the textile industries, and thus its oxidation is relevant to waste water treatment [20]. Hence, in the past few years, many reports have been published on the oxidation of HCHO under a wide range of conditions and on various electrodes [13,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. On the other hand, the use of Ni as a catalyst for electrooxidation of this compound is of interest because it is an inexpensive metal.…”

Electro-reduction of carbon dioxide to formate on lead electrode in aqueous medium

“…Today, there is a growing demand for formic acid which is used in pharmaceutical syntheses, as well as paper and pulp production. Moreover, a large number of papers deal with the electro-oxidation of formic acid to CO 2 [10][11][12][13]. From this viewpoint, the use of CO 2 as an infinite carbon source for producing formic acid could have specific and attractive advantages in energy conversion systems for low-power fuel cells.…”

The Study of Pt and Pd based Anode Catalysis for Formic Acid Fuel Cell

“…However, this does not mean that the crossover of formic acid is negligible, and crossover is still a significant issue limiting the performance of DFAFCs. Recent research work examined and quantified the crossover behavior of formic acid in DFAFCs [46][47][48][49]. Rhee et al [49] studied the permeation of formic acid through Nation® 112 and Nafion 117 membranes at room temperature.…”

“…) are compared, the difference is only a factor of two [47,48] or less [46], because oxidation of formic acid to CO 2 requires only two electrons while oxidation of methanol requires six electrons. This is contrary to Rhee et al [49] original report of a two order of magnitude difference because they used an inaccurate crossover value for methanol in their comparison.…”