Mn²⁺-Doped Prussian Blue Nanocubes for Bimodal Imaging and Photothermal Therapy with Enhanced Performance

Abstract

Prussian blue (PB) as a clinically adapted agent recently has drawn much attention in cancer theranostics for potential applications in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as well as photothermal cancer treatment. In this work, we take a closer look at the imaging and therapy performance of PB agents once they are doped with Mn2+. It is found that Mn2+-doped PB nanocubes exhibit increased longitudinal relaxivity along with enhanced optical absorption red-shifted to the near-infrared (NIR) region. Those properties make PB:Mn nanocubes with appropriate surface coatings rather attractive agents for biomedical imaging and cancer therapy, which have been successfully demonstrated in our in vivo experiments for effectively tumor ablation.

Strategies to Improve Cancer Photothermal Therapy Mediated by Nanomaterials

“…The photothermal capacity of PB nanostructures has been improved by doping these materials with Mn 2+ and Gd 3+ . PEGylated PB nanocubes doped with 15% Mn 2+ displayed an almost 2‐fold increased NIR absorption that lead to an improved temperature variation (ΔT ≈ 10 °C), upon material irradiation …”

Modulation of Hypoxia in Solid Tumor Microenvironment with MnO2 Nanoparticles to Enhance Photodynamic Therapy

“…Herein, we sought to utilize the compelling characteristics of MnO 2 nanoparticles for modulation of tumor microenvironment by their reactivity toward H 2 O 2 to overcome the tumor photodynamic resistance through in situ O 2 generation. As‐synthesized MnO 2 nanoparticles stabilized by cationic polyelectrolyte poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) were conjugated with the photosensitizer, chlorine e6 (Ce6), coated with anionic polymer polyacrylic acid (PAA), and then further conjugated with amino terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG‐NH 2 ) via amide bonds to increase the nanoparticle water solubility and physiological stability . Owing to in situ generated O 2 from the reaction between MnO 2 and H 2 O 2 , our Ce6@MnO 2 ‐PEG nanoparticles exhibit high in vitro PDT efficacy even under oxygen‐deficient atmosphere, in which the phototoxicity of free Ce6 is greatly reduced.…”

Prussian blue/serum albumin/indocyanine green as a multifunctional nanotheranostic agent for bimodal imaging guided laser mediated combinatorial phototherapy

“…The clinically used T 1 contrast agent, Magnevist (gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc.), has an r 1 value of 4.3 mM − 1 s − 1 , which is higher than our PB-BSA nanoparticle [35]. But, recent studies suggested the longitudinal relaxivity of PB nanoparticles can be easily enhanced by doping with paramagnetic ions such as gadolinium (Gd 3+ ) or manganese (Mn 2+ ) [40][41][42].…”