MMPI characteristics of college freshman males who later became alcoholics.

Loper, Rodney G.; Kammeier, Mary L.; Hoffmann, Helmut

doi:10.1037/h0034959

Cited by 126 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A peak score on Pd is a common characteristic of MMPI profiles from alcoholic and delinquent samples. MMPI profiles routinely obtained from entering college students showed that elevated Pd Scale scores distinguished men later hospitalized for alcoholism from matched controls (Loper et al, 1973); an early result consistent with evidence, now substantial, that pre-alcoholics tend to be more impulsive, nonconforming and gregarious.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 53%

Personality at Ages 16 and 17 and Drinking Problems at Ages 18 and 25: Genetic Analyses of Data from FinnTwin 16–25

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We enrolled more than 3500 same-sex twins from 5 consecutive Finnish birth cohorts into a longitudinal study as each cohort reached age 16. Twins completed the Psychopathic Deviate (Pd) Scale of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory at baseline, Sensation Seeking Scale items as each cohort reached age 17, and later, at average ages 18.5 and 25, the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI). Using raw maximum likelihood estimation, we fit a Cholesky model to the 4 variables assessed at 4 ages across the 4 twin types; we estimated genetic and environmental influences on the stability of alcohol problems across development and the genetic and environmental contributions to predictive correlations between adolescent personality and later alcohol-related behavior problems. With one exception, the phenotypic, genetic, and environmental correlations were very similar for males and females. The exception was that the lagged associations of Pd and RAPI reflect a higher genetic correlation among males than females and a higher environmental correlation among females than males. Our analyses suggest that developmental changes underlying variation in alcohol problems from late adolescence to early adulthood differ for males and females. In males, the main change is decreased variation due to shared environmental effects; the magnitude of genetic effects is stable over time, and the high genetic correlation, .95, suggests that the same genetic influences are important at both ages. Among females, in contrast, genetic influences decline in magnitude from age 18 to 25, and at least part of the genetic effect evident at age 25 differs from the genetic effect evident at age 18.

show abstract

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 53%

Personality at Ages 16 and 17 and Drinking Problems at Ages 18 and 25: Genetic Analyses of Data from FinnTwin 16–25

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Scores on neuroticism scales rapidly fall after 3 to 6 months in the programs in contrast to psychopathic deviate and hypomania scales that remain elevated (Zuckerman, Sola, Masterson, & Angelone, 1975). The resultant MMPI profile is the same as one found in a longitudinal study in men who later became alcoholics (Loper, Kammeier, & Hoffman, 1973). Other longitudinal studies suggest that neuroticism is not a prominent trait in male alcoholics during childhood and adolescence (Cloninger, Sigvardsson, & Bohman, 1988;Jones, 1968Jones, , 1971.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

Personality and Risk‐Taking: Common Bisocial Factors

Zuckerman

Kuhlman

2000

Journal of Personality

975

624

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The first part of this article describes a study of the relationships between personality and risk-taking in six areas: smoking, drinking, drugs, sex, driving, and gambling. The participants, 260 college students, were given self-report measures of risky behaviors in each of the six areas and the Zuckerman-Kuhlman five-factor personality questionnaire. Generalized risk-taking (across all six areas) was related to scales for impulsive sensation seeking, aggression, and sociability, but not to scales for neuroticism or activity. Gender differences on risk-taking were mediated by differences on impulsive sensation seeking. The second part discusses biological traits associated with both risk-taking and personality, particularly sensation seeking, such as the D4 dopamine receptor gene. the enzyme monoamine oxidase, and augmenting or reducing of the cortical evoked potential. Comparative studies show relationships between biological markers shared with other species and correlated behaviors similar to sensation seeking in humans. A biosocial model of the traits underlying risk-taking is presented.

show abstract

“…For some classes of substances at least, pre-morbid characteristics could thus have a predictive value. For instance, personality traits of alcoholics have been shown to precede the onset of alcohol-related problems (Jones, 1968;Kammeier et al, 1973;Loper et al, 1973;Cloninger, 1987;Caspi et al, 1997). Parental alcohol and tobacco use were shown to be related to higher NS in offspring (Ravaja and Keltikangas-Jarvinen, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality profile and drug of choice; a multivariate analysis using Cloninger’s TCI on heroin addicts, alcoholics, and a random population group

Bon

Basiaux

Streel

et al. 2004

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As personality may predispose, precipitate or perpetuate substance abuse and/or dependence, and as it is considered to remain stable across the years in a given subject, potential links with the drug of choice may help screen future patients before drug consumption. The present study compared three groups: 42 patients with heroin dependence (mean age: 31.2; standard deviation (SD): 5.5; 10 females), 37 patients with alcohol dependence (mean age 44.2; SD: 9.1; 9 females) and 83 subjects from a random population sample (mean age: 38.8; SD: 6.9; 20 females). Personality was measured by Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Pillai's MANCOVA with age as a covariate and gender as a cofactor was highly significant. Univariate ANOVA analyses using TCI dimensions as dependent variable showed most variables to vary in parallel for the two patient groups in comparison with controls. Post-hoc tests showed heroin patients to score higher in Novelty-Seeking and Self-Directedness than alcohol patients. Sub-dimensions Exploratory Excitability, Fear of the Uncertain, Responsibility, Congruent Second Nature and Transpersonal Identification were also significantly different in the two patient samples. Logistic regression showed Exploratory Excitability to segregate up to 76% of heroin patients from alcohol patients. In conclusion, personality profiles were linked to some preferential choice of drug and personality screening might be tested in preventive strategies.

show abstract

MMPI characteristics of college freshman males who later became alcoholics.

Cited by 126 publications

References 8 publications

Personality at Ages 16 and 17 and Drinking Problems at Ages 18 and 25: Genetic Analyses of Data from FinnTwin 16–25

Personality at Ages 16 and 17 and Drinking Problems at Ages 18 and 25: Genetic Analyses of Data from FinnTwin 16–25

Personality and Risk‐Taking: Common Bisocial Factors

Personality profile and drug of choice; a multivariate analysis using Cloninger’s TCI on heroin addicts, alcoholics, and a random population group

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About