MMP-2 Regulation of Emmprin on Tumour Cells and CD73 on Fibroblasts During Tumour-Stromal Interaction

Abstract

Background/Aim: We previously found that binding between CD73 and extracellular matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inducer (emmprin) and suppression of CD73 in both tumour cells and fibroblasts suppressed MMP-2 production when co-cultured. However, the importance of CD73 expression in either fibroblasts or cancer cells for cancer invasion remains unknown. In this study, we used siRNA to separately down-regulate CD73 in individual cells, and then performed a 3D co-culture to investigate tumour invasion. Materials and Methods: siRNA was used for suppression of CD73 in either fibroblasts (ST353i, HDF) or tumour cells (FU-EPS-1, A431, CRL-2095). Immunoblotting was performed for detecting MMP-2 production after CD73 suppression. 3D-co-cultures were performed for examining tumour invasion. Results: CD73 suppression revealed that CD73 expression on fibroblasts and emmprin on tumour cells were important in regulating MMP-2 production, suggesting that emmprin on tumour cells does not bind CD73 at the cismanner, but rather at the trans-manner to CD73 present on fibroblasts. CD73 suppression also reduced MMP-2 production at the transcription level and reduced tumour invasion. Conclusion: CD73 on fibroblasts acts as a receptor for emmprin, which forms a complex that increases MMP-2 production, possibly resulting in increased invasiveness.