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-limited sensing of static magnetic fields via fast rotation of quantum spins

Wood, Alexander; Aeppli, A. G.; Lilette, Emmanuel; Fein, Yaakov Y.; Stacey, Alastair; Hollenberg, Lloyd C. L.; Scholten, R. E.; Martin, A. M.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.98.174114

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A 3 µs laser pulse is first applied, followed by microwave pulses synchronous with the rotation [33]. Although the NV orientation class we target is nearly parallel to the rotation axis, the small misalignment δθ between the NV axis and the z rotation axis means that static magnetic field components B ⊥ transverse to z are effectively up-converted to alternating fields at the motor rotation frequency, B ac ≈ B ⊥ δθ cos(ω rot t − φ 0 ) [46], with φ 0 an inconsequential phase set by the orientation of the diamond on the motor. Fluorescence detected from a spin-echo sequence with fixed total time τ will therefore exhibit fringes as the magnetic field tilt angle θ B is increased.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisotropic electron-nuclear interactions in a rotating quantum spin bath

Wood,

Goldblatt,

Anderson

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisotropic electron-nuclear interactions in a rotating quantum spin bath

Wood,

Goldblatt,

Anderson

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…We use spin-echo interferometry [46] synchronized to the rotation of the diamond [47] to measure the coherence of the rotating ensemble of NV centers. A 3 μs laser pulse is first applied, followed by microwave pulses synchronous with the rotation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We measure a normalized spin-echo signal by computing the difference between readout with a final π/2 and 3π/2 pulse in successive rotation periods. Although the NV orientation class we target is nearly parallel to the rotation axis, the small misalignment δθ between the NV axis and the z rotation axis means that static magnetic field components B ⊥ transverse to z are effectively up-converted to alternating fields at the motor rotation frequency, B ac ≈ B ⊥ δθ cos(ω rot t − φ 0 ) [47], with φ 0 an inconsequential phase set by the orientation of the diamond on the motor. Fluorescence detected from a spin-echo sequence with fixed total time τ will therefore exhibit fringes as the magnetic field tilt angle θ B is increased.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisotropic electron-nuclear interactions in a rotating quantum spin bath

et al. 2021

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The interaction between a central qubit spin and a surrounding bath of spins is critical to spin-based solid-state quantum sensing and quantum information processing. Spin-bath interactions are typically strongly anisotropic, and rapid physical rotation has long been used in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance to simulate motional averaging of anisotropic interactions, such as dipolar coupling between nuclear spins. Here, we show that the interaction between electron spins of nitrogen-vacancy centers and a bath of 13 C nuclear spins in a diamond rotated at up to 300 000 rpm introduces decoherence into the system via frequency modulation of the nuclear spin Larmor precession. The presence of an off-axis magnetic field necessary for averaging of the dipolar coupling leads to a rotational dependence of the electron-nuclear hyperfine interaction, which cannot be averaged out with experimentally achievable rotation speeds. Our findings offer new insights into the use of physical rotation for quantum control with implications for quantum systems having motional and rotational degrees of freedom that are not fixed.

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“…In previous work, we have demonstrated quantum control and measurement of single NV electron spins rotating at up to 200,000 rpm (3.33 kHz) [36,37]. Working with ensembles of NV centers reduces some of the complexity associated with optical measurement of a rotating diamond [1,38]. However, magnetic field alignment during rotation for optical polarization of nuclear spins imposes challenges comparable to that of measuring single NV centers, given the strict requirements for alignment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum control of nuclear spin qubits in a rapidly rotating diamond

Wood¹,

Goldblatt²,

Scholten³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Nuclear spins in certain solids couple weakly to their environment, making them attractive candidates for quantum information processing and inertial sensing. When coupled to the spin of an optically-active electron, nuclear spins can be rapidly polarized, controlled and read via lasers and radiofrequency fields. Possessing coherence times of several milliseconds at room temperature, nuclear spins hosted by a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond are thus intriguing systems to observe how classical physical rotation at quantum timescales affects a quantum system. Unlocking this potential is hampered by precise and inflexible constraints on magnetic field strength and alignment in order to optically induce nuclear polarization, which restricts the scope for further study and applications. In this work, we demonstrate optical nuclear spin polarization and rapid quantum control of nuclear spins in a diamond physically rotating at 1 kHz, faster than the nuclear spin coherence time. Free from the need to maintain strict field alignment, we are able to measure and control nuclear spins in hitherto inaccessible regimes, such as in the presence of a large, time-varying magnetic field that makes an angle of more than 100 • to the nitrogen-lattice vacancy axis. The field induces spin mixing between the electron and nuclear states of the qubits, decoupling them from oscillating rf fields. We are able to demonstrate that coherent spin state control is possible at any point of the rotation, and even for up to six rotation periods. We combine continuous dynamical decoupling with quantum feedforward control to eliminate decoherence induced by imperfect mechanical rotation. Our work liberates a previously inaccessible degree of freedom of the NV nuclear spin, unlocking new approaches to quantum control and rotation sensing.

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T2 -limited sensing of static magnetic fields via fast rotation of quantum spins

Cited by 26 publications

References 47 publications

Anisotropic electron-nuclear interactions in a rotating quantum spin bath

Anisotropic electron-nuclear interactions in a rotating quantum spin bath

Anisotropic electron-nuclear interactions in a rotating quantum spin bath

Quantum control of nuclear spin qubits in a rapidly rotating diamond

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