L2,3andM2,3

Abstract

Subshell-resolved M and L level widths and fluorescence yields are derived from high-resolution Ku& 2 and KP t 3 x-ray emission spectra of copper. As the contribution of spectator hole satellites was removed from the spectra by computer fits based on an ab initio calculated transition array, the widths and yields obtained pertain to pure one-hole states and single-electron diagram transitions, A considerable improvement in the agreement with theoretical widths and yields is observed for all levels studied. A significant contribution of Coster-Kronig transitions to the L2 level width is confirmed. Individual M2 and M3 widths and yields are derived from x-ray spectra. They are in good agreement with recent theoretical Dirac-Hartree-Slater calculations, but the widths are consistently larger than those measured for the same subshells by photoelectron spectroscopy. 3d spectator holes are found to broaden the widths of the corresponding x-ray emission lines by up to a few tenths of an eV.PACS number(s): 32.30. Rj, 32.80.Hd, 31.30.Jv

Natural linewidths of Cu Kα1,2 spectra obtained with an antiparallel double-crystal X-ray spectrometer

“…5 This conclusion was strongly supported by the considerably improved agreement with the theory of L- and M-level widths and fluorescence yields. 6 High-resolution measurements of these spectra photo-excited at energies near the K edge show clearly the first appearance of the asymmetric features at an excitation energy coinciding with the calculated threshold for creation of a [1s3d] two-hole configuration, the initial state of the 3d spectator-hole transitions. 7 These results very convincingly support that the asymmetry of the Cu Kα lines originates from two-electron excitation, but it is clear that, for this interpretation to be conclusive, neighboring 3d elements must be shown to behave similarly.…”

“…The Cu Kα 1,2 lines are suitable for analysis, from the angular point of view, through various changes in the crystal plane. Furthermore, as noted by Deutsch et al , 6 the width values of these lines have varied considerably among researchers. The Rietveld method of powder analysis software uses the widths and intensity ratios of these lines.…”

5.96 keV Enerjide Hg, Pb and Bi Elementlerine ait Bileşiklerin Ortalama M Kabuğu Floresans Verimlerinin Araştırılması ve 70Yb ile 92U Arasındaki Elementlerin Ortalama M Kabuğu Floresans Verimlerinin Deneysel Olarak Hesaplanması

“…L Xray production cross-sections for Zr, Nb, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn and M X-ray production cross-sections for Au, Pb, Th, U [19] and for five elements in the range 81 Z  92 were measured at 5.96 keV energy [20]. M shell fluorescence yields of Bi, Pb, Au, Os [21], L 2,3 and M 2,3 fluorescence yields of Cu [22], the average M shell fluorescence yields for Pt, Au and Pb [23], total M shell X-ray production cross sections and average fluorescence yields for some heavy elements [24] and M 4,5 subshells average fluorescence yields for Thorium and Uranium [25] were performed by using different experimental and theoretical methods. M shell ionization cross sections and M X-ray production cross sections were calculated within the Energy loss, Coulomb deflection, Perturbed Stationary State and Relativistic effects (ECPSSR) theory for elements with 72≤Z≤90 for protons with 0.1-4.0 MeV energy [26].…”

Evolution on Kα in Fe and Lβ satellites in Au in SPring-8

“…[15] reported that 3d spectator holes broaden the widths of the corresponding x-ray emission lines by up to a few tenths of a eV, that is, the presence of a spectator hole during the emission process introduces additional splitting in the initial and final energy levels and consequently increases considerably the number of the distinct transition lines, and it is possible to separate out the contribution of these transitions from those of the diagram ones by fitting the measured line shape by an ab initio calculated transition array. [15] reported that 3d spectator holes broaden the widths of the corresponding x-ray emission lines by up to a few tenths of a eV, that is, the presence of a spectator hole during the emission process introduces additional splitting in the initial and final energy levels and consequently increases considerably the number of the distinct transition lines, and it is possible to separate out the contribution of these transitions from those of the diagram ones by fitting the measured line shape by an ab initio calculated transition array.…”

“…[15] reported that 3d spectator holes broaden the widths of the corresponding x-ray emission lines by up to a few tenths of a eV, that is, the presence of a spectator hole during the emission process introduces additional splitting in the initial and final energy levels and consequently increases considerably the number of the distinct transition lines, and it is possible to separate out the contribution of these transitions from those of the diagram ones by fitting the measured line shape by an ab initio calculated transition array. [15]. 3.…”