R -parity violating supersymmetric explanation of the anomalous events at ANITA

Abstract

The ANITA balloon experiment has observed two EeV-energy, upgoing events originating from well below the horizon. This is puzzling, because (i) no Standard Model (SM) particle is expected to survive passage through Earth at such energies and incident angles, and (ii) no such events were reported by IceCube. In this paper, we address both these issues by invoking a beyond SM interpretation of the EeV events as due to the decay of a long-lived bino in the R-parity violating (RPV) supersymmetry. In particular, a TeV-scale slepton/squark can be resonantly produced through the interaction of the EeV neutrino with electrons/nucleons inside Earth, that decays to a light, longlived bino, which survives the propagation through Earth matter before decaying back to neutrinos, leptons and/or quarks, thus producing upgoing air showers in the atmosphere near ANITA. We find that the ANITA events can be explained with a GeV-scale bino and O(0.1) RPV couplings, which are consistent with all existing high and low-energy constraints. We also find that an isotropic neutrino flux is inadequate for a beyond the SM explanation of this kind, and an anisotropic flux must be invoked. Finally, we also address the apparent tension of these observations with IceCube. Various aspects of our interpretation are testable in the near future at different frontiers, such as by the LHC, Belle II, ANITA-IV and IceCube.

(g−2)μ,e and the ANITA anomalous events in a three-loop neutrino mass model

“…We follow closely the treatment in Ref. [38]. We assume that a fraction of neutrinos has survived the SM interactions after propagating a distance of l 1 km.…”

Observing EeV neutrinos through Earth: GZK and the anomalous ANITA events

“…Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) explanations have also been proposed. This includes axion-photon conversion [88], sterile neutrinos [47,[89][90][91], and heavy SUSY partners or Dark Matter particle decays [92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99]. Here, we examine the discrete-source emission hypothesis and show that any detection of EeV neutrinos from steep incident angles at ANITA can be ruled out by the non-observation of TeV -PeV neutrinos with other neutrino telescopes, such as IceCube.…”

Connecting ANITA anomalous events to a nonthermal dark matter scenario

“…Therefore, several beyond standard model (BSM) proposals have been put forward to explain the observed events. They include sterile neutrino mixing [3,4], heavy dark matter (DM) [5][6][7][8][9][10], inelastic boosted DM [11], long lived charged particles like stau [12,13], R-parity violating supersymmetry (SUSY) [14], SUSY sphalerons configurations [15], leptoquarks [16], and radio pulses from axion-photon conversion [17]. Additionally, in Ref.…”