Mixtures of wheat and high-moisture corn in finishing diets: feedlot performance and in situ rate of starch digestion in steers

Abstract

Wheat and high-moisture corn (HMC) were fed singly and in three combinations using dry-rolled wheat (DRW) (ratios of 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75, respectively, Trial 1), or singly and in two combinations using steam-rolled wheat (SRW) (ratios of 67:33 and 33:67, respectively, Trial 2) to finishing beef cattle fed a high-concentrate diet. In situ rate of starch digestion (Trial 3) was measured on grains used in Trial 1 (excluding the 25 HMC: 75 DRW mixture) and ground dry corn. In Trial 1 (132 d), gain/feed did not differ (P greater than .10); however, final weight, hot carcass weight, and ADG decreased linearly (P less than .05) and DMI exhibited a cubic response (P less than .05) as the percentage of wheat in the diet increased. Carcass characteristics were not different. In Trial 2 (113 d), there were no differences attributable to treatment for ADG, DMI, gain/feed, or carcass characteristics. Positive associative responses for gain efficiency (gain/feed) were greatest for the first increment of wheat addition (25% DRW and 33% SRW in Trials 1 and 2, respectively) and for the early portion of the feeding period (57 and 28 d for Trials 1 and 2, respectively), indicating a more rapid diet adaptation and(or) less propensity for subacute acidosis. In Trial 3, the treatment grains or mixtures did not differ in rate of starch digestion. Although the differences were not statistically significant, starch in the 100% wheat diet was digested twice as fast as the 100 or 75% HMC mixtures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Performance, carcass and ruminal fermentation characteristics of heifers fed concentrates differing in energy level and cereal type (corn vs. wheat)

“…In agreement with the results of Bock et al (1991) and Philippeau et al (1999) in beef cattle and Gozho & Mutsvangwa (2008) in dairy cows, the type of cereal (corn vs. wheat) did not affect cADI in our experiment. In contrast, greater intakes for corn-based concentrates than for wheat-concentrates have been reported in other studies with beef cattle (Fulton et al, 1979;Kreikemeier et al, 1987).…”

“…Bock et al (1991) conducted two experiments to compare wheat and corn as the grain source for beef steers and reported that feeding wheat decreased ADG compared with corn in the first trial, but improved ADG in the second trial. This was attributed to differences in the cereal processing; as wheat was dry-rolled in the first trial and steam-rolled in the second one, and steam-rolled wheat usually results in improved performance compared with dryrolled wheat (Bock et al, 1991). These results indicate that processing can markedly affect the comparison of cereals, and the effects of cereal processing can be even more evident than those derived from cereal type as reported by Gimeno et al (2014).…”

Avaliação da silagem de grãos de milho úmido com diferentes volumosos para tourinhos em terminação: desempenho e características de carcaça

“…Os autores atribuíram essa resposta à redução da ocorrência de acidose subclínica e à melhora da digestão ruminal com os grãos de digestibilidade mais lenta. Esse efeito associativo da utilização de diferentes ingredientes na dieta de bovinos é reconhecido há muito tempo e também foi constatado por Bock et al (1991), que misturaram trigo e milho úmido na dieta de bovinos em terminação recebendo 85 a 90% de concentrado na MS e atribuíram os resultados à diminuição na taxa de digestão ruminal do amido. Stock et al (1991), no entanto, compararam o uso de milho em grão seco ao de milho úmido (ensilado inteiro e fornecido inteiro ou moído) e não verificaram efeito do processamento sobre o consumo de alimentos e o ganho de peso dos animais.…”

Nutritional strategies to control ruminal acidosis in feedlot cattle

“…In agreement with the results of Bock et al (1991) and Philippeau et al (1999) in beef cattle and Gozho and Mutsvangwa (2008) in dairy cows, the type of cereal (corn vs. wheat) did not affect concentrate ADFI in our experiment. In contrast, greater intakes for corn-based concentrates than for wheat-concentrates have been reported in other studies with beef cattle (Fulton et al, 1979;Kreikemeier et al, 1987).…”

“…For example, Bock et al (1991) conducted two experiments to compare wheat and corn as the grain source for beef steers and reported that feeding wheat decreased ADG compared with corn in the first trial, but improved ADG in the second trial. This was attributed to differences in the cereal processing; as wheat was dry-rolled in the first trial and steamrolled in the second one, and steam-rolled wheat usually results in improved performance compared with dry-rolled wheat (Bock et al, 1991). These results indicate that processing can markedly affect the comparison of cereals, and the effects of cereal processing can be even more evident than those derived from cereal type as reported by Gimeno et al (2014).…”