Mixture of Five Fermented Herbs (Zhihuasi Tk) Alters the Intestinal Microbiota and Promotes the Growth Performance in Piglets

Li, Yong; Sun, Tao; Hong, Yuxuan; Qiao, Tiankui; Wang, Yongsheng; Wei, Li; Tang, Shi; Yang, Xin; Li, Jie; Li, Xiaowen; Zhou, Zutao; Xiao, Yufei

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.725196

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Among them, the HM2 group (basic diet with 1.0 g/kg of herbal mixture) had the highest BW and ADG at the end of the trial. Previous studies found that weaned pigs fed herbal mixtures (including Codonopsis pilosula, Radix astragalus, R. isatidis, R. paeoniae alba, and Atractylodes macrocephalae) supplementation diets had positive effects on BW and ADG, which was in agreement with our results ( 42 ). We speculated that the beneficial effects of herbal mixtures on the growth performance of pigs due to a variety of nutrients and active ingredients in herbal medicines, which improved digestive tract function in pigs ( 43 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…). alba, and Atractylodes macrocephalae) supplementation diets had positive effects on BW and ADG, which was in agreement with our results (42). We speculated that the beneficial effects of herbal mixtures on the growth performance of pigs due to a variety of nutrients and active ingredients in herbal medicines, which improved digestive tract function in pigs (43).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…As animals aged, the number of microbial species in the feces of weaned pigs decreased after adding an herbal mixture to the diet. A previous study reported that the alpha diversity indices of intestinal microbiota in pigs changed with age, and they decreased at 35 days after weaning compared with 21 days after weaning ( 42 ). We speculated that the addition of herbal mixtures to the diet might inhibit pathogenic bacteria colonization in the intestine over time, and then reduce the diversity of intestinal flora.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of dietary supplement with a Chinese herbal mixture on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota in weaned pigs

Cheng

Jiang³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Weaning stress decreases the growth performance of piglets and is one of the main concerns of pig industries. Traditional Chinese herbal medicines have been used to reduce the adverse effects of weaning stress as both nutritional supplements and antibiotic substitutes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a Chinese herbal mixture (Kangtaile, which contained Paeonia lactiflora, licorice, dandelion, and tea polyphenols) on the growth performances, immune response, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbiota of weaned pigs. A total of 400 weaned pigs [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire)] were randomly allocated into one of four treatments: the CON group, fed with basic diet; the HM1 group, fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.5 g herbal mixture/kg diet; the HM2 group, fed with basal diet supplemented with 1.0 g herbal mixture/kg diet; or the HM3 group, fed with basal diet supplemented with 1.5 g herbal mixture/kg diet. The results revealed that dietary supplementation with the herbal mixture for 28 days improved average daily gain and feed conversion ratio, while decreased the diarrhea rate of weaned pigs. Moreover, dietary supple-mentation with the herbal mixture improved the antioxidant capacity through increasing the activity of catalase (CAT) and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level, while decreasing the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum. Pigs supplemented with herbal mixture presented an increased serum immunoglobulin (Ig)M level on day 14 compared with control pigs. The herbal mixture altered the composition of intestinal microbiota by influencing the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. The relative abundances of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were significantly related to the body weight gain of pigs. In conclusion, supplementation of herbal mixture to the diet improved growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant capacity and modified the composition of intestinal microbiota in weaning pigs. This study provided new insights into the nutritional regulation effects of the herbal mixtures on weaned pigs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of dietary supplement with a Chinese herbal mixture on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota in weaned pigs

Cheng

Jiang³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…In previous studies, some herbs have been used for their anti-inflammatory activity in different disease conditions, e . g ., diabetes and tumor with enhanced growth performance ( Chuengsamarn et al., 2012 ; He et al., 2018 ; Wang et al., 2020 ; Li et al., 2021c ). The fruits of TB elicit various pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, analgesic, antidiarrheal, and anti-inflammatory effects ( Jayesh et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive effect of Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. extract on mice infected with Salmonella Typhimurium

Kong

Shang²,

Liu³

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. (TB) is a traditional herbal combination used in Chinese medicine for the treatment of a broad range of diseases. In this study, thirty KM mice were randomly divided into control (N), infection group (NS), and the TB protection group (HS). Based on its digestive feature, intestinal physical barrier, immunological barrier and gut microbiota effects in vivo on challenged with S.typhimurium mice were investigated after oral administration of 600 mg/kg b.wt of TB for 13 days. The results show that the extract could improve the level of serum immunoglobulins (IgA and IgG), decrease the intestinal cytokine secretion to relieve intestinal cytokine storm, reinforce the intestinal biochemical barrier function by elevating the sIgA expression, and strengthen the intestinal physical barrier function. Simultaneously, based on the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA analyzed, the results of the taxonomic structure of the intestinal microbiota demonstrated that the TB prevention effect transformed the key phylotypes of the gut microbiota in S. Typhimurium-challenged mice and promoted the multiplication of beneficial bacteria. Furthermore, the abundance of Firmicutes and Deferribacteres increased, while that of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria decreased. At the genus level, the abundance of Ruminococcus and Oscillospira was substantially enhanced, while the other dominant genera showed no significant change between the vehicle control groups and the TB prevention groups. In summary, these results provide evidence that the administration of TB extract can prevent S. Typhimurium infection by alleviating the intestinal physical and immunological barriers and normalizing the gut microbiota, highlighting a promising application in clinical treatment. Thus, our results provide new insights into the biological functions of TB for the preventive effect of intestinal inflammation.

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“…Because of their natural, eco-friendly, and safe nature, Chinese herbal feed additives and formulations have been used in increasing numbers in recent years for the prevention and treatment of PD (6,7). According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, spleen and stomach weakness, cold dampness, dampness heat, and food injury are the important pathological factors of PD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the mechanism of Wumei San in treating piglet diarrhea using network pharmacology and molecular docking

Yin

Liu²,

Ji³

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Wumei San (WMS) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely applied in the treatment of piglet diarrhea (PD). However, the mechanism of WMS in PD has not been investigated. In this study, the main active compounds of WMS and the target proteins were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology, PubChem, and SwissTargetPrediction databases. The molecular targets of PD were identified using GeneCards, OMIM, and NCBI databases. The common targets of WMS and PD were screened out and converted into UniProt gene symbols. PD-related target genes were constructed into a protein-protein interaction network, which was further analyzed by the STRING online database. Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed to construct the component-target gene-disease network. Molecular docking was then used to examine the relationship between the core compounds and proteins. As a result, a total of 32 active compounds and 638 target genes of WMS were identified, and a WMS-compound-target network was successfully constructed. Through network pharmacology analysis, 14 core compounds in WMS that showed an effect on PD were identified. The targets revealed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were associated with the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and other pathways and physiological processes. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the active compounds in WMS spontaneously bind to their targets. The results indicated that WMS may regulate the local immune response and inflammatory factors mainly through the TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and other pathways. WMS is a promising treatment strategy for PD. This study provides new insights into the potential mechanism of WMS in PD.

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Mixture of Five Fermented Herbs (Zhihuasi Tk) Alters the Intestinal Microbiota and Promotes the Growth Performance in Piglets

Cited by 10 publications

References 89 publications

Effects of dietary supplement with a Chinese herbal mixture on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota in weaned pigs

Effects of dietary supplement with a Chinese herbal mixture on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota in weaned pigs

Preventive effect of Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. extract on mice infected with Salmonella Typhimurium

Study on the mechanism of Wumei San in treating piglet diarrhea using network pharmacology and molecular docking

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