Mixture invariance and its applications

Partial Pressures in Thermodynamics of Classical Fluid Mixtures

“…These quantities depend on temperature and densities (such as f P   , above), see (Samohýl 1982(Samohýl , 1987(Samohýl , 1975a(Samohýl , 1975b, (Samohýl and Šilhavý 1990) for details. In non-reacting mixtures the thermodynamic pressure P is equal to the actual (measured) pressure, but need not be the same in chemical kinetics (cf.…”

“…By the inversion of (4) and with (2), the independent variables T, P, w  may be used (Samohýl 1982(Samohýl , 1987, (Samohýl and Šilhavý 1990) instead of T,  g , and therefore, for example, we can obtain…”

“…However, using a basic property of all mixture balances (mass, momentum and their moment, energy and entropy inequality) called mixture (or form) invariance (Samohýl 1982(Samohýl , 1987(Samohýl , 1975b, (Samohýl and Šilhavý 1990), this non-uniquiness may be removed, and, for example, partial specific volumes may be calculated from specific mixture volume (6) as follows…”

Application of Truesdell’s model of mixtures to an ionic liquid mixture

“…These discrepancies were discussed in [11,3,4] where, using the property of mixture (or form) invariance, it was shown that, at least in a most useful model of fluid mixture with linear transport, the partial thermodynamic quantities may by calculated from the dependence of (principally measurable) mixture properties on composition (see Eqs.…”

Macroscopic derivation of the kinetic mass-action law

“…A similar approach was used by Oláh [19][20][21][22][23][24] who prefers chemical potentials instead of affinities. Continuum thermodynamics [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] provides only very general statements on the functional form of reaction rate, e.g., reaction rate is a function of densities (i.e., mass concentrations) of components present in a reacting mixture, temperature, and gradients of density, temperature and deformations. No particular form of the function is derived.…”