Mixing of chlorophyll from the Middle Atlantic Bight cold pool into the Gulf Stream at Cape Hatteras in July 1993

Wood, A. Michelle; Sherry, Nelson D.; Huyer, Adriana

doi:10.1029/96jc01135

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…As a proxy for chlorophyll concentration, we used the quantity F V = V − V min , where V is the fluorometer output voltage and V min is the fluorometer's lowest output voltage (0.056 V), which is presumably roughly equal to the instrument's clear water voltage. Previous investigators of the chlorophyll distribution in our study region [ Wood et al ., ; Lohrenz et al ., ] have reported a strong statistical relationship between chlorophyll concentration determined from analysis of water samples and the fluorescence signal of a fluorometer attached to a shipboard CTD. In particular, Wood et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Shelf water and chlorophyll export from the Hatteras slope and outer shelf

Churchill

Gawarkiewicz

2014

JGR Oceans

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Using high-resolution data acquired from a shipboard ADCP and a towed Scanfish equipped with a CTD and fluorometer, we examine the properties and transport of Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB) shelf water over a region of the Hatteras outer shelf and slope where MAB shelf water is commonly deflected offshore and entrained into the Gulf Stream. The data are from a period in early August 2004 when the seasonal pycnocline of the MAB is well developed and situated over a weakly stratified, near-bottom shelf water mass commonly referred to as the cold pool. Our data show chlorophyll-rich cold pool water carried rapidly southward over the slope and outer shelf, at a rate of up to 60 cm s 21 , as part of the shelf-edge frontal jet. This southward transport of chlorophyll-rich cold pool water is shunted eastward and entrained into the Gulf Stream. However, the latitude band over which this export occurs varies significantly over the 7 day course of our study, a variation which is linked to an order 50 km shift in the latitude at which the Gulf Stream separates from the continental margin. The coupled rapid translation of the Gulf Stream frontal separation and the cold pool export zone is likely to have a significant impact on the movement and accumulation of biogenic material over the Hatteras slope and rise.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Further evidence of organic carbon export near Cape Hatteras comes from analysis of CTD and fluorescence measurements by Wood et al . [], which reveals transfer of chlorophyll‐rich MAB shelf water from beneath the seasonal pycnocline to the edge of the Gulf Stream.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shelf water and chlorophyll export from the Hatteras slope and outer shelf

Churchill

Gawarkiewicz

2014

JGR Oceans

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“…The cold pool has biological influences on the population dynamics of the phytoplankton, fish juvenile abundance, and the distribution of MAB benthic and demersal biota [ Malone et al ., ; Sullivan et al ., ; Narváez et al ., ]. The cold pool water enters into the southern MAB, shifts offshore entrained by the Gulf Stream, playing an important role in the chlorophyll transport along the shelf and the carbon budget of the North Atlantic [ Wood et al ., ; Bignami and Hopkins , ; Churchill and Gawarkiewicz , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The modulation of the seasonal cross‐shelf sea level variation by the cold pool in the Middle Atlantic Bight

Sha

Yan

et al. 2015

JGR Oceans

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This study explores the influence of the cold pool in the Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB) to cross‐shelf sea surface slope by fitting an annual harmonic to temperature and salinity profiles from 1993 to 2012 and compares to the 20 year averaged altimetry sea level anomaly (SLA). The consistency within the bottom temperature, thermal steric height, total steric height, and altimetry observation validates that the cold pool induces a depressed sea level in the middle shelf overlapping with the dominant surface seasonal cycles. Temporally, the cold pool pattern is most apparent in July and August as a result of magnitude competition between the thermal and haline steric height. In addition, Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) is employed to reconstruct the altimetry SLA and reveals the middle‐shelf depression pattern from single year's SLA data. The locations of the SLA depression from 1993 to 2012 agree with the cold pool locations identified from in situ measurements, suggesting a promising application of altimetry SLA in the cold pool study. Conclusively, this study reveals the modulation of the cross‐shelf sea level variation by the cold pool, and contributes to the understanding of the sea level response to water masses on the continental shelf.

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“…Also observed farther than 10 km from shore, by a small number of measurements, was cold water (T < 16øC) of intermediate salinity(-34.2). Its T-S properties were typical of subthermocline Mid-Atlantic Bight shelf water seen farther to the north, often referred to as cold-pool water[Houghton et al, 1982;Churchill et al, 1993;Wood et al, 1996]. T-S properties of water observed <10 km from shore were not as widely scattered(Figure 5a).…”

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confidence: 99%

Chloropigment distribution and transport on the inner shelf off Duck, North Carolina

D’Sa¹,

Lohrenz²,

Churchill³

et al. 2001

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. The distribution and movement of chloropigments (chlorophylIs and associated degradation products) in the bottom boundary layer near Duck, North Carolina, were examned during July and August 1994. Time series of chloropigment fluorescence, current velocity, and surface wave properties were acquired from instruments mounted on a bottom tripod set at 20 rn depth. These data were combined with moored current meter measurements, meteorological data, and shipboard surveys in a comparative assessment of physical processes and chloropigment distribution over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. Two dominant scales of chloropigment variation were observed. On numerous occasions, small-scale (order m) structure in the near-bottom fluorescence field was observed, even in the absence of identifiable structure in the temperature and salinity fields. Over larger timescales and space scales, variations in fluorescence were related to changes in water mass properties that could be attributed to alternating events of upwelling and downwelling. This view was reinforced by shipboard measurements that revealed correlations between fluorescence and hydrographic fields, both of which were modified by wind-forced upwelling and downwelling and by the advection of low-salinity water from Chesapeake Bay. Local resuspension of sediments did not contribute appreciably to the near-bottom pigment load seen at the tripod, because of low bottom stress. Estimates of chloropigment flux indicated a net shoreward transport of chloropigments in the lower boundary layer. However, the rapid fluctuations of currents and pigment concentrations gave rise to large and frequent variations in chloropigment fluxes, generating uncertainty in extrapolations of this finding to longer timescales.

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Mixing of chlorophyll from the Middle Atlantic Bight cold pool into the Gulf Stream at Cape Hatteras in July 1993

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Shelf water and chlorophyll export from the Hatteras slope and outer shelf

Shelf water and chlorophyll export from the Hatteras slope and outer shelf

The modulation of the seasonal cross‐shelf sea level variation by the cold pool in the Middle Atlantic Bight

Chloropigment distribution and transport on the inner shelf off Duck, North Carolina

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