Mixing of axially injected liquid jets and pre-atomized sprays in a lean-direct-injection (LDI) mode

Experimental study of flow dynamics and fuel spray characteristics in Lean Premixed Prevaporized Combustor

“…These two major NASA sponsored low emissions technology development programs have been followed by several industry and government funded technology programs, such as the High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT), Advanced Subsonic Transport (AST) and Ultra Energy Efficient Technology (UEET) initiatives of the NASA. Lean Direct Injection (LDI) [8], Rich Burn-Quick Quench-Lean Burn combustion (RQL) [11] and many kind of low emission combustion technologies have been developed in these projects. The Twin Annular Premixing Swirler (TAPS) combustor [13,16] was co-developed by the General Electric Aircraft Engines (GEAE) and NASA sponsorship.…”

“…For instance, standards limiting the emissions of smoke, UHC, CO and NOx from turbojet and turbofan aircraft engines are contained in Annex 16 Volume II to the Committee on Aviation Environment Protection (CAEP) of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) [7]. NOx stringency has been subsequently adopted by CAEP1, CAEP2, CAEP4 and CAEP6 in 1986, 1991, 1998and 2004, respectively. Those recent emission regulations require an urgent need to develop more emission-efficient combustion methods and investigate high-potential novel fuels.…”

Fuel spray characteristics investigation in LPP combustor

“…These two major NASA-sponsored low emissions technology development programs have been followed by several industry and government funded technology programs, such as the High Speed Civil Transport, Advanced Subsonic Transport and Ultra Energy Efficient Technology initiatives. Lean direct injection (LDI) (Huh et al , 1998), rich-quench-lean combustion (Rizk and Mongia, 1991) and many kinds of low emission combustion technologies have been developed in these projects. The Twin Annular Premixing Swirler (TAPS) combustor (Stouffer et al , 2005; Dodds, 2005) was co-developed by the General Electric Aircraft Engines and NASA sponsorship.…”