Mixing and Segregation in Powders: Evaluation, Mechanisms and                    Processes

Hogg, R.

doi:10.14356/kona.2009005

Cited by 98 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…During the mixing of granular and bulk components, particular particles tend to occupy specific places in the bed. The location of particles depends on various factors such as: density, size of particles, interactions between them and design parameters of a mixer (Hogg, 2009). In most cases, the aim under industrial conditions is to obtain a homogeneous mixture which is characterised by the lowest possible CV coefficient (not higher than 10%) while maintaining its minimum differentiation between mixing cycles (Rocha et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of fluorescent markers for homogeneity assessment of grain mixtures based on maize content

Matuszek

Wojtkiewicz

2017

Chemical and Process Engineering

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The paper presents test results for the assessment of the tracer content in a three-component (green peas, sorghum, maize) feed mixture that is based on the fluorescent method. The homogeneity of mixtures was determined on the basis of the maize content (as the key component), which was treated with fluorescent substance: tinopal, rhodamine B, uranine and eosin. The key components were wet-treated with fluorescent substances with different concentrations. Feed components were mixed in a vertical funnel-flow mixer. 10 samples were collected from each mixed batch. Samples were placed in a chamber equipped with UV light and, then, an image recorded as BMP file was generated. The image was analysed by means of the software programme Patan. On the basis of the analyses conducted, data on the maize content marked with a fluorescent marker were obtained. Additionally, the content of the key component was determined in a conventional manner -using an analytical scale. Results indicate the possibility of using this method for homogeneity assessment of the three-component grain mixture. From these tests, fluorescent substances that can be applied in the case of maize as a key component, together with their minimum concentrations, were identified: tinopal 0.3%, rhodamine B 0.001%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of fluorescent markers for homogeneity assessment of grain mixtures based on maize content

Matuszek

Wojtkiewicz

2017

Chemical and Process Engineering

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“…Sometimes, as a result of segregation, the quality of the mixture is reduced during mixing. Particular difficulties arise when the components differ significantly in density and size and tend to occupy specific locations in the bed [9,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic digestion of specific biodegradable waste and final disposal

et al. 2016

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Original scientific paper The present paper investigates the effectiveness of different levels of applied digested residue obtained after anaerobic digestion (AD) of meat-bone meal (MBM) on the morphologic and mineral characteristics of corn. The experiment was conducted in duration of two years and consisted of eight treatments: control (without any fertilizer); mineral fertilization only; treatments with minimum, medium and maximum dosage of digested MBM; fertilization of minimum, medium and maximum dosages of AD residue combined with mineral fertilizer. By combination of treatments with mineral fertilizer and different rates of AD residue, plants increased mass yield, they were larger and had more leaves. Content of mineral substances was within average values, both in plant material and in kernel, and variations in values were conditioned by total mass and ion interactions. MBM after AD treatment is possible to be applied as organic fertilizer. It has higher nutritive value and, as such, is suitable for treatment of agricultural plants, especially in crop production. Keywords: anaerobic digestion; corn; fertilization; meat bone meal Anaerobna digestija specifičnog biorazgradivog otpada i konačno zbrinjavanjeIzvorni znanstveni članka Ovaj rad istražuje učinkovitost primjene različitih razina digestiranog ostatka, dobivenog nakon anaerobne digestije (AD) mesno-koštanog brašna (MKB), na morfološka i mineralna svojstva kukuruza. Istraživanje je provedeno u trajanju od dvije godine, a sastojalo se od osam tretmana: kontrola (bez gnojiva); samo mineralna gnojidba; tretmani s najmanjom, srednjom i maksimalnom dozom digestiranog MKB-a; gnojidba minimalnom, srednjom i maksimalnom dozom digestiranog ostatka u kombinaciji s mineralnim gnojivom. Kombinacija tretmana s mineralnim gnojivom i različitom dozom ostatka anaerobne digestije, povećala je prinos mase biljke, bile su veće i imale više lišća. Sadržaj mineralnih tvari bio je prosječne vrijednosti, kako u biljnom materijalu tako i u jezgri. Varijacije vrijednosti uvjetovane su ukupnom masom i ionskim interakcijama. MKB nakon tretmana AD moguće je primijeniti kao organsko gnojivo. Ima veće hranjive vrijednosti i, kao takvo, prikladno je za tretiranje poljoprivrednih biljaka, posebno u ratarstvu.

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“…It is slower and based on the particle mobility, i.e., diffusivity. Diffusive blending, which is strongly influenced by cohesion of the components, delivers homogeneity on a small scale (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Blending of Pharmaceutical Powders with Multipoint NIR Spectroscopy

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Blending of powders is a crucial step in the production of pharmaceutical solid dosage forms. The active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is often a powder that is blended with other powders (excipients) in order to produce tablets. The blending efficiency is influenced by several external factors, such as the desired degree of homogeneity and the required blending time, which mainly depend on the properties of the blended materials and on the geometry of the blender. This experimental study investigates the mixing behavior of acetyl salicylic acid as an API and α-lactose monohydrate as an excipient for different filling orders and filling levels in a blender. A multiple near-infrared probe setup on a laboratoryscale blender is used to observe the powder composition quasi-simultaneously and in-line in up to six different positions of the blender. Partial least squares regression modeling was used for a quantitative analysis of the powder compositions in the different measurement positions. The end point for the investigated mixtures and measurement positions was determined via moving block standard deviation. Observing blending in different positions helped to detect good and poor mixing positions inside the blender that are affected by convective and diffusive mixing.

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Mixing and Segregation in Powders: Evaluation, Mechanisms and Processes

Abstract: Mixing in powders generally

Cited by 98 publications

References 53 publications

Application of fluorescent markers for homogeneity assessment of grain mixtures based on maize content

Application of fluorescent markers for homogeneity assessment of grain mixtures based on maize content

Anaerobic digestion of specific biodegradable waste and final disposal

Monitoring Blending of Pharmaceutical Powders with Multipoint NIR Spectroscopy

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