Mixing and matching pathways in leaf polarity

Kidner, Catherine; Timmermans, Marja C.P.

doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2006.11.013

Cited by 80 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In Arabidopsis, leaf rolling is often correlated with the polarity change in the adaxial-abaxial axis (Kidner and Timmermans, 2007). However, no polarity change was observed in the leaves of srl1-1 and srl1-2 mutants, or SRL1-overexpression transgenic lines, suggesting that SRL1 is not involved in the polarity establishment of leaf blades.…”

Section: Srl1 Negatively Regulates the Formation Of Bulliform Cells Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaves are lateral organs of seed plants derived from the peripheral zone of the shoot apical meristem and display polarized development along the proximaldistal axis and adaxial-abaxial axis (Bowman et al, 2002;Kidner and Timmermans, 2007). As the major photosynthetic organ of plants, an optimal structure of leaves is important for the maximization of light capture and efficient gas exchange (Eshed et al, 2001;Moon and Hake, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

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SEMI-ROLLED LEAF1 Encodes a Putative Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Protein and Modulates Rice Leaf Rolling by Regulating the Formation of Bulliform Cells

et al. 2012

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Leaf rolling is an important agronomic trait in rice (Oryza sativa) breeding and moderate leaf rolling maintains the erectness of leaves and minimizes shadowing between leaves, leading to improved photosynthetic efficiency and grain yields. Although a few rolled-leaf mutants have been identified and some genes controlling leaf rolling have been isolated, the molecular mechanisms of leaf rolling still need to be elucidated. Here we report the isolation and characterization of SEMI-ROLLED LEAF1 (SRL1), a gene involved in the regulation of leaf rolling. Mutants srl1-1 (point mutation) and srl1-2 (transferred DNA insertion) exhibit adaxially rolled leaves due to the increased numbers of bulliform cells at the adaxial cell layers, which could be rescued by complementary expression of SRL1. SRL1 is expressed in various tissues and is expressed at low levels in bulliform cells. SRL1 protein is located at the plasma membrane and predicted to be a putative glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein. Moreover, analysis of the gene expression profile of cells that will become epidermal cells in wild type but probably bulliform cells in srl1-1 by laser-captured microdissection revealed that the expression of genes encoding vacuolar H+-ATPase (subunits A, B, C, and D) and H+-pyrophosphatase, which are increased during the formation of bulliform cells, were up-regulated in srl1-1. These results provide the transcript profile of rice leaf cells that will become bulliform cells and demonstrate that SRL1 regulates leaf rolling through inhibiting the formation of bulliform cells by negatively regulating the expression of genes encoding vacuolar H+-ATPase subunits and H+-pyrophosphatase, which will help to understand the mechanism regulating leaf rolling.

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Section: Srl1 Negatively Regulates the Formation Of Bulliform Cells Amentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

SEMI-ROLLED LEAF1 Encodes a Putative Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Protein and Modulates Rice Leaf Rolling by Regulating the Formation of Bulliform Cells

et al. 2012

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“…Outgrowth of the leaf lamina requires juxtaposition of adaxial (dorsal) and abaxial (ventral) domains of the leaf, which are specified by concerted interactions between domain-specific genetic pathways (Barkoulas et al, 2007;Kidner and Timmermans, 2007). Several transcription factor families are involved in establishing adaxial and abaxial fates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ThreePIGGYBACKgenes that specifically influence leaf patterning encode ribosomal proteins

et al. 2008

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Leaves are determinate organs that arise from the flanks of the shoot apical meristem as polar structures with distinct adaxial (dorsal) and abaxial (ventral) sides. Opposing regulatory interactions between genes specifying adaxial or abaxial fates function to maintain dorsoventral polarity. One component of this regulatory network is the Myb-domain transcription factor gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 (AS1). The contribution of AS1 to leaf polarity varies across different plant species; however, in Arabidopsis, as1 mutants have only mild defects in leaf polarity, suggesting that alternate pathways exist for leaf patterning. Here, we describe three genes, PIGGYBACK1 (PGY1), PGY2 and PGY3, which alter leaf patterning in the absence of AS1. All three pgy mutants develop dramatic ectopic lamina outgrowths on the adaxial side of the leaf in an as1 mutant background. This leaf-patterning defect is enhanced by mutations in the adaxial HD-ZIPIII gene REVOLUTA (REV), and is suppressed by mutations in abaxial KANADI genes. Thus, PGY genes influence leaf development via genetic interactions with the HD-ZIPIII-KANADI pathway. PGY1, PGY2 and PGY3 encode cytoplasmic large subunit ribosomal proteins, L10a, L9 and L5, respectively. Our results suggest a role for translation in leaf dorsoventral patterning and indicate that ribosomes are regulators of key patterning events in plant development. Development 135, 1315Development 135, -1324Development 135, (2008 DEVELOPMENT 1316 from the Arabidopsis Biological Resource Centre (ABRC). kan1-2 and kan2-1 were obtained from John Bowman. All genetic interactions were in a Ler background. Plants were grown either in soil or on Murashige and Skoog media at 22°C with a day length of 16 hours. KEY WORDS: Ribosomal protein, Leaf polarity, ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1, PIGGYBACK, Arabidopsis Geneticspgy genes were cloned using Ler ϫ Columbia F2 mapping populations. For complementation a 2.1 kb genomic fragment encompassing At2g27530, a 5 kb genomic fragment encompassing At1g33140 and a 3.5 kb genomic fragment encompassing At3g25520 were cloned into the binary vector pMDC123 (Curtis and Grossniklaus, 2003) and transformed into pgy1-1/pgy1-1 as1/+, pgy2-1/pgy2-1 as1/+ and pgy3-1/pgy3-1 as1/+ plants, respectively, using standard agrobacterium-mediated transformation (Clough and Bent, 1998). For each complementation construct, basta resistant plants with an as1 phenotype were confirmed as as1 pgy homozygotes.as1-1 rev-6 was analysed in the F3 generation of the cross as1-1 ϫ rev-6. In the F2 generation of this cross as1-1 rev-6 segregated at 1:15. pgy1-1 rev-6 were obtained from the F3 generation of the cross pgy1-1 ϫ rev-6. Progeny from pgy1-1 rev-6/+ individuals segregated 1:3 pgy1-1 rev-6 mutants. as1-1 pgy1-1 rev-6 triple mutants were analysed in the F4 generation of the cross as1-1 pgy1-1 ϫ as1-1 rev-6, after selfing as1-1 pgy1-1 rev-6/+ F3 plants. Segregation of as1-1 pgy1-1 rev-6 in this F4 generation was 1:3. as1-1 kan1-2 and pgy1-1 kan1-2 were obtained from the F3 generation of the respective crosses...

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“…During the last decade, a great number of leaf adaxial-and abaxial-promoting factors have been identified (Kidner and Timmermans, 2007;Xu et al, 2007;Bowman and Floyd, 2008;Szakonyi et al, 2010). Some leaf polarity mutants show trumpet-or lotusshaped leaves, which reflect a loss of leaf expansion in the proximal part (Waites and Hudson, 1995;McConnell and Barton, 1998;Emery et al, 2003;Xu et al, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

YUCCAGenes Are Expressed in Response to Leaf Adaxial-Abaxial Juxtaposition and Are Required for Leaf Margin Development

Wang

et al. 2011

Plant Physiology

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During leaf development, the formation of leaf adaxial-abaxial polarity at the primordium stage is crucial for subsequent leaf expansion. However, little is known about the genetic control from polarity establishment to blade outgrowth. The leaf margin, comprising elongated margin cells and hydathodes, is thought to affect leaf expansion. Here, we show that mutants with defective leaf polarity or with loss of function in the multiple auxin-biosynthetic YUCCA (YUC) genes exhibited a similar abnormal leaf margin and less-expanded leaves. Leaf margins of these mutants contained fewer hydathodes and an increased number of cell patches in which the patterns of epidermal cells resembled those of hydathodes. The previously characterized leafabaxialized asymmetric leaves2 (as2) revoluta (rev) and leaf-adaxialized kanadi1 (kan1) kan2 double mutants both produce fingershaped, hydathode-like protrusions on adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces, respectively. YUCs are required for formation of the protrusions, as those produced by as2 rev and kan1 kan2 were absent in the yuc1 yuc2 yuc4 triple mutant background. Expressions of YUC1, YUC2, and YUC4 were spatially regulated in the leaf, being associated with hydathodes in wild-type leaves and protrusions on as2 rev and kan1 kan2 leaves. In addition, inhibition of auxin transport by treatment of seedlings with N-(1-naphtyl) phtalamic acid or disruption of the auxin gradient by transforming plants with the 35S:YUC1 construct also blocked leaf margin development. Collectively, our data show that expressions of YUCs in the leaf respond to the adaxial-abaxial juxtaposition, and that the activities of auxin mediate leaf margin development, which subsequently promotes blade outgrowth.

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Mixing and matching pathways in leaf polarity

Cited by 80 publications

References 62 publications

SEMI-ROLLED LEAF1 Encodes a Putative Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Protein and Modulates Rice Leaf Rolling by Regulating the Formation of Bulliform Cells

SEMI-ROLLED LEAF1 Encodes a Putative Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Protein and Modulates Rice Leaf Rolling by Regulating the Formation of Bulliform Cells

ThreePIGGYBACKgenes that specifically influence leaf patterning encode ribosomal proteins

YUCCAGenes Are Expressed in Response to Leaf Adaxial-Abaxial Juxtaposition and Are Required for Leaf Margin Development

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