Mixed-Use Development Trip Generation Model

Abstract

The mixed-use development (MXD) trip generation model provides a mechanism for estimating vehicle, walking, and transit trips for an MXD. The model applies trip modifications to standard single-use trip generation estimates developed by ITE. MXDs with diverse internal activities have been shown to capture internal trips at a rate higher than conventional suburban developments; therefore, the MXD trip generation model accounts for the internal capture of MXD sites by reducing the external trips produced and estimating the number of walking and transit trips that would typically be conducted by automobile. In addition, MXDs in central areas have been shown to generate shorter vehicle trips, and this factor has been taken into account in the model, as internal and external vehicle miles traveled (VMT) are estimated on the basis of published travel characteristics of MXDs. The MXD trip generation model provides a straightforward method of testing transportation-related metrics of MXDs. The model uses ratios from a leading research-based MXD model to reduce ITE vehicle trip estimates and presents a summary of results that show the effects on VMT, internal capture, and mode split as a result of enhanced activity density and diversity of land uses within the MXD. The MXD trip reductions are based on a methodology that analyzed data sets for 239 MXDs in six large and diverse metropolitan regions. Benefits of locally calibrated characteristics on vehicle ownership are also included in the mode split of the trip estimates of the MXD trip generation model.

Multimodal Trip Generation from Land Use Developments: International Synthesis and Future Directions

“…In contrast, the ITE manual does not provide data for individual sites, and although some filtering is possible based on location type, geographical region, and development size, no other contextual information is available. As a result, much research has been undertaken in the United States to develop methods that can adjust ITE vehicle trip generation rates to better reflect the local site context, generally based on vehicle mode share and occupancy rate information ( 3 , 8 , 13 , 25 , 86 , 90 , 109 , 110 , 121 , 122 ). These adjustments are particularly relevant for highly urbanized areas with low car use, as the ITE rates are almost all based on trip generation studies undertaken in low-density suburban areas with relatively high levels of car use ( 13 ).…”

Toward a Guide for Smart Mobility Corridors: Frameworks and Tools for Measuring, Understanding, and Realizing Transportation Land Use Coordination

“…Many scenario planning tools rely on research from Ewing and Cervero (2010), and on the work behind other tools, such as the MXD tool developed by Ewing et al (2013), which relies on such measures as intersection density and a measure of entropy for mixed-land uses, which are really too coarse to truly understand what happens when new facilities are put in 13 Background and Overview of Planning Support Tools (PSTs) for bicycling, pedestrians, or emerging services, such as e-scooters and NEVs. Promising research to address these issues can be found in LA Metro's bike modeling project and research currently underway at SDSU's Active Transportation Research Center.…”

“…This is critical, as many of even our best scenario planning models and tools do not do much in the way of appreciating new facilities for bicycles, pedestrians, or even such new modes as neighborhood electric vehicles. The MXD model developed by Ewing et al (2013), for example, is limited to measuring intersection density, which-while effective-is a rather coarse measure of pedestrian/bicycle facilitation (Ewing et al, 2011).…”

A model to evaluate energy efficient spatial structure for transportation via spatially balancing the job - house ratio - The case of Sri Lanka

“…The economically active percentage of the population is considered to calculate the home based work trips and to calculate the number of motorized trips, the vehicle registration percentage is considered in the study area. (Gulden, Goates, & Ewing, 2013)…”