Mixed-severity natural disturbances promote the occurrence of an endangered umbrella species in primary forests

Mikoláš, Martin; Svitok, Marek; Bollmann, Kurt; Reif, Jiří; Bače, Radek; Janda, Pavel; Trotsiuk, Volodymyr; Čada, Vojtěch; Vítková, Lucie; Teodosiu, Marius; Coppes, Joy; Schurman, Jonathan S.; Morrissey, Robert C.; Mrhalová, Hana; Svoboda, Miroslav

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2017.09.006

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Contrarily, changes in species richness might be large while the turnover between communities in different habitat types is relatively small, i.e., a high number of species is shared 36 . Shared species can include species that utilize both forest types, for instance by roosting or breeding in unlogged disturbed forest and foraging in both unlogged and salvage-logged forests 37,38 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating retention benchmarks for salvage logging to protect biodiversity

et al. 2020

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Forests are increasingly affected by natural disturbances. Subsequent salvage logging, a widespread management practice conducted predominantly to recover economic capital, produces further disturbance and impacts biodiversity worldwide. Hence, naturally disturbed forests are among the most threatened habitats in the world, with consequences for their associated biodiversity. However, there are no evidence-based benchmarks for the proportion of area of naturally disturbed forests to be excluded from salvage logging to conserve biodiversity. We apply a mixed rarefaction/extrapolation approach to a global multi-taxa dataset from disturbed forests, including birds, plants, insects and fungi, to close this gap. We find that 75 ± 7% (mean ± SD) of a naturally disturbed area of a forest needs to be left unlogged to maintain 90% richness of its unique species, whereas retaining 50% of a naturally disturbed forest unlogged maintains 73 ± 12% of its unique species richness. These values do not change with the time elapsed since disturbance but vary considerably among taxonomic groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating retention benchmarks for salvage logging to protect biodiversity

et al. 2020

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“…In contrast, a reduction of beetle predisposition with more intensive management as under our energy scenario, was in a trade-off relationship with reduced old-growth features. Previous studies have shown positive effects of beetle disturbance on forest species diversity in the Bavarian forest and the Carpathians, due to increased stand structural diversity (Lehnert et al 2013;Mikoláš et al 2017). Others found host dilution with increased tree diversity to increase Engelmann spruce survival in spruce beetle affected forests in western North America (Conner et al 2014).…”

Section: Old-growth Characteristics and Disturbance Predispositionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This was not possible with this version of MASSIMO, but current revisions of the model that focus on regeneration will allow accounting for such effects (Zell et al 2019). Including indicators that account for management-and disturbance-induced changes in habitat suitability of management-and disturbance-sensitive umbrella species may improve our assessment of biodiversity provision (Lexer and Seidl 2009;Mikoláš et al 2017).…”

Section: Old-growth Characteristics and Disturbance Predispositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ideally they are combined to generate landscape heterogeneity and thus a broad range of different habitats on a small area, i.e. by promoting old-growth patches of non-host species (Bouget et al 2014) and by timber harvesting that emulates patch-scale natural disturbances (Mikoláš et al 2015(Mikoláš et al , 2017.…”

Section: Old-growth Characteristics and Disturbance Predispositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trade-offs between ecosystem service provision and the predisposition to disturbances: a NFI-based scenario analysis

et al. 2020

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Background: Scenario analyses that evaluate management effects on the long-term provision and sustainability of forest ecosystem services and biodiversity (ESB) also need to account for disturbances. The objectives of this study were to reveal potential trade-offs and synergies between ESB provision and disturbance predisposition at the scale of a whole country. Methods: The empirical scenario model MASSIMO was used to simulate forest development and management from years 2016 to 2106 on 5086 sample plots of the Swiss National Forest Inventory (NFI). We included a businessas-usual (BAU) scenario and four scenarios of increased timber harvesting. Model output was evaluated with indicators for 1) ESB provision including a) timber production, b) old-growth forest characteristics as biodiversity proxies and c) protection against rockfall and avalanches and 2) for a) storm and b) bark beetle predisposition. Results: The predisposition indicators corresponded well (AUC: 0.71-0.86) to storm and insect (mostly bark beetle) damage observations in logistic regression models. Increased timber production was generally accompanied with decreased predisposition (storm: >−11%, beetle: >−37%, depending on region and scenario), except for a scenario that promoted conifers where beetle predisposition increased (e.g. + 61% in the Southern Alps). Decreased disturbance predisposition and decreases in old-growth forest indicators in scenarios of increased timber production revealed a trade-off situation. In contrast, growing stock increased under BAU management along with a reduction in conifer proportions, resulting in a reduction of beetle predisposition that in turn was accompanied by increasing old-growth forest indicators. Disturbance predisposition was elevated in NFI plots with high avalanche and rockfall protection value. Conclusions: By evaluating ESB and disturbance predisposition based on single-tree data at a national scale we bridged a gap between detailed, stand-scale assessments and broader inventory-based approaches at the national scale. We discuss the limitations of the indicator framework and advocate for future amendments that include climate-sensitive forest development and disturbance modelling to strengthen decision making in national forest policy making.

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“…In fact, sampling within fragments of primary forest throughout the Carpathians provided the rare opportunity to study a naturally occurring low-altitude range limit of Picea abies in Europe, where intense management has otherwise led to an artificial proliferation of Picea at low altitudes. The unique structural characteristics of these monospecific Picea forests, for example, disturbance patches generated by spruce beetle outbreaks, are crucial habitat elements for multiple species of high conservation value (Mikolaš et al 2017). Critically, alpine areas conducive to monospecific Picea forests are shrinking, and the likely encroachment of low altitude tree species implies major changes to the variety of habitats found in these forests (Dirnböck et al 2011).…”

Section: Regional Implications: Timber Yield and Conservation Concernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tale of two species: climate-competition tradeoffs shape range limits according to tree life-history strategies

Schurman

Janda

Rydval

et al. 2021

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Adapting for competitiveness versus climatic stress tolerance constitutes a primary trade-off differentiating tree life-history strategies. This tradeoff likely influences where species’ range-limits occur, but such links are data-demanding to study and key mechanisms lack empirical support. Using an exceptionally rich dendroecological network, we assessed spatial variation in climate and competition effects on Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica throughout the Carpathian Ecoregion. Ring width synchrony aided in diagnosing how the prevalence of resource-limited (competition) and sink-limited (climate) growth changes with altitude and community composition. Contrasting growth patterns towards respective upper and lower range limits of Fagus and Picea reflected tradeoffs between competitive vs. cold-tolerant strategies. Fagus performance declined with altitudinal increases in climate sensitivity, but improved under interspecific competition. Picea growth increased towards the species’ lower range limit, but declined under interspecific competition. Warmer temperatures likely benefit competitively stronger species at mid elevations and thus imply range reductions for alpine conifers.

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Mixed-severity natural disturbances promote the occurrence of an endangered umbrella species in primary forests

Cited by 37 publications

References 64 publications

Estimating retention benchmarks for salvage logging to protect biodiversity

Estimating retention benchmarks for salvage logging to protect biodiversity

Trade-offs between ecosystem service provision and the predisposition to disturbances: a NFI-based scenario analysis

A tale of two species: climate-competition tradeoffs shape range limits according to tree life-history strategies

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