Mixed Reality Humans: Evaluating Behavior, Usability, and Acceptability

Kotranza, Aaron; Lok, Benjamin; Deladisma, Adeline M.; Pugh, Carla M.; Lind, D. Scott

doi:10.1109/tvcg.2008.195

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Kotranza and colleagues (Kotranza and Lok 2008;Kotranza et al 2009) describe a virtual patient as a medical student's training tool that is able to be touched and to touch back. These touchenabled virtual patients were treated more like real humans than virtual patients without touch capabilities (students expressed more empathy and used touch more frequently to comfort and reassure the virtual patient).The authors concluded that by adding haptic interaction to the virtual patient, the bandwidth of the student-virtual patient communication increases and approaches that of human-human communication.…”

Section: Reactions To Touching Robots and Avatars At A Physiologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Touch in Humanâ€“Computer Interaction

Erp

Toet²

2015

Front. Digit. Humanit.

125

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Touch is our primary non-verbal communication channel for conveying intimate emotions and as such essential for our physical and emotional wellbeing. In our digital age, human social interaction is often mediated. However, even though there is increasing evidence that mediated touch affords affective communication, current communication systems (such as videoconferencing) still do not support communication through the sense of touch. As a result, mediated communication does not provide the intense affective experience of co-located communication. The need for ICT mediated or generated touch as an intuitive way of social communication is even further emphasized by the growing interest in the use of touch-enabled agents and robots for healthcare, teaching, and telepresence applications. Here, we review the important role of social touch in our daily life and the available evidence that affective touch can be mediated reliably between humans and between humans and digital agents. We base our observations on evidence from psychology, computer science, sociology, and neuroscience with focus on the first two. Our review shows that mediated affective touch can modulate physiological responses, increase trust and affection, help to establish bonds between humans and avatars or robots, and initiate pro-social behavior. We argue that ICT mediated or generated social touch can (a) intensify the perceived social presence of remote communication partners and (b) enable computer systems to more effectively convey affective information. However, this research field on the crossroads of ICT and psychology is still embryonic and we identify several topics that can help to mature the field in the following areas: establishing an overarching theoretical framework, employing better research methodologies, developing basic social touch building blocks, and solving specific ICT challenges.

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Section: Reactions To Touching Robots and Avatars At A Physiologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Touch in Humanâ€“Computer Interaction

Erp

Toet²

2015

Front. Digit. Humanit.

125

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“…Diverse applications for AR includes computer-aided surgery, special effects for TV or film, tour guidance services, industrial plant maintenance, interior design, medical education, and so on [3,4].…”

Section: • Augmented Realitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tangible Tele-Meeting in Tangible Space Initiative

Lee¹,

Lee²,

Jeong³

et al. 2014

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology

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-Tangible Space Initiative (TSI) is a new framework that can provide a more natural and intuitive Human Computer Interface for users. This is composed of three cooperative components: a Tangible Interface, Responsive Cyber Space, and Tangible Agent. In this paper we present a Tangible Tele-Meeting system in TSI, which allows people to communicate with each other without any spatial limitation. In addition, we introduce a method for registering a Tangible Avatar with a Tangible Agent. The suggested method is based on relative pose estimation between the user and the Tangible Agent. Experimental results show that the user can experience an interaction environment that is more natural and intelligent than that provided by conventional tele-meeting systems.

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“…We have previously developed a mixed environment for learning clinical breast examination [13]. This "mixed reality human (MRH) patient" ( Figure 5) integrates physical interface elements (including a physical breast model) with a virtual human simulating a patient with a breast mass.…”

Section: A Mixed Environment For Learning Cbementioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time in-situ visual feedback of task performance in mixed environments for learning joint psychomotor-cognitive tasks

Kotranza

Lind²,

Pugh

et al. 2009

2009 8th IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality

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This paper proposes an approach to mixed environment training of manual tasks requiring concurrent use of psychomotor and cognitive skills. To train concurrent use of both skill sets, the learner is provided real-time generated, in-situ presented visual feedback of her performance.This feedback provides reinforcement and correction of psychomotor skills concurrently with guidance in developing cognitive models of the task.The general approach is presented: 1) Sensors placed in the physical environment detect in real-time a learner's manipulation of physical objects. 2) Sensor data is input to models of task performance which output quantitative measures of the learner's performance. 3) Pre-defined rules are applied to transform the learner's performance data into visual feedback presented in realtime and in-situ with the physical objects being manipulated.With guidance from medical education experts, we have applied this approach to a mixed environment for learning clinical breast exams (CBEs). CBE belongs to a class of tasks that require learning multiple cognitive elements and task-specific psychomotor skills. Traditional approaches to learning CBEs and other joint psychomotor-cognitive tasks rely on extensive one-onone training with an expert providing subjective feedback. By integrating real-time visual feedback of learners' quantitatively measured CBE performance, a mixed environment for learning CBEs provides on-demand learning opportunities with more objective, detailed feedback than available with expert observation. The proposed approach applied to learning CBEs was informally evaluated by four expert medical educators and six novice medical students. This evaluation highlights that receiving real-time in-situ visual feedback of their performance provides students an advantage, over traditional approaches to learning CBEs, in developing correct psychomotor and cognitive skills.

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Mixed Reality Humans: Evaluating Behavior, Usability, and Acceptability

Cited by 39 publications

References 21 publications

Social Touch in Humanâ€“Computer Interaction

Social Touch in Humanâ€“Computer Interaction

Tangible Tele-Meeting in Tangible Space Initiative

Real-time in-situ visual feedback of task performance in mixed environments for learning joint psychomotor-cognitive tasks

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