Mixed Polymer Brushes for “Smart” Surfaces

Li, Mingxiao; Pester, Christian W.

doi:10.3390/polym12071553

Cited by 57 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 183 publications

(291 reference statements)

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“…As expected, the areas that were irradiated in the presence of EHA showed a higher water contact angle (65°) compared to those in the non‐irradiated areas (49–52°), which demonstrated the existence of PEHA polymer brushes on the 3D printed material. Although the secondary surface modification was performed with more hydrophilic monomers (DMAm), the underlying PEHA polymer brushes allowed the surface to retain its hydrophobicity [39e] . In addition, the surface functionalized 3D printed object exhibited fluorescence only in the areas that were irradiated in the presence of PyMMA/DMAm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid High‐Resolution 3D Printing and Surface Functionalization via Type I Photoinitiated RAFT Polymerization

2021

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RAFT facilitated digital light projection 3D printing of polymeric materials provides a convenient and facile route for inducing post‐fabrication transformations via reactivation of dormant chain transfer agents. In this work, we report the use of a Norrish type I photoinitiator in conjunction with a RAFT agent to produce a variety of open‐air 3D printable resins that rapidly cure under visible light irradiation. The photoinitiator‐RAFT system polymerizes extremely quickly and provides high 3D printing build rates of up to 9.1 cm h−1, representing a 7‐fold increase compared to previous RAFT mediated 3D printing systems. 3D printed materials containing thiocarbonylthio groups can be also produced using low concentrations of divinyl comonomers in the initial resins, which has not been successfully achieved using other photocontrolled RAFT polymerization techniques. Interestingly, the inclusion of RAFT agents significantly improves 3D printing resolution compared to formulations without RAFT agent, allowing the fabrication of intricate and complex objects. Spatiotemporally controlled surface modifications of the 3D printed objects from the dormant RAFT agent groups on the material surfaces were also performed under one and two‐pass configurations, inducing multiple successive post‐printing transformations on the same object.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid High‐Resolution 3D Printing and Surface Functionalization via Type I Photoinitiated RAFT Polymerization

2021

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“…The forces of Coulomb interaction between identical charges cause the chain segments to occupy the most distant position. As a result, the polymer molecule expands and becomes as large as possible, resulting in the stretching of the chains, blocking the flow through the pores of the membrane [59,60].…”

Section: Surface Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Specific Mechanism of Separation by Polymeric Membrane Modification—A Short Review

2021

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Membrane technologies have found a significant application in separation processes in an exceeding range of industrial fields. The crucial part that is decided regarding the efficiency and effectivity of separation is the type of membrane. The membranes deal with separation problems, working under the various mechanisms of transportation of selected species. This review compares significant types of entrapped matter (ions, compounds, and particles) within membrane technology. The ion-exchange membranes, molecularly imprinted membranes, smart membranes, and adsorptive membranes are investigated. Here, we focus on the selective separation through the above types of membranes and detect their preparation methods. Firstly, the explanation of transportation and preparation of each type of membrane evaluated is provided. Next, the working and application phenomena are evaluated. Finally, the review discusses the membrane modification methods and briefly provides differences in the properties that occurred depending on the type of materials used and the modification protocol.

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“…These systems differ from linear polymers in a number of important physicochemical properties. In particular, the processes of self-organization in their solutions are the subject of intensive research [6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Macromolecular brushes with different nature of the backbone and side chains are of special interest because they may adopt a wide variety of conformations in selective solvents [17][18][19]. Their solution behavior depends not only on the parameters of the architecture, primarily on the grafting density and the length of the side chains [6,12], but is influenced significantly by the different thermodynamic quality of the solvent with respect to the backbone and side chains. The ability of brushes to self-organize macromolecules in a selective solvent and the sensitivity of self-assembled structures to external factors provide wide possibilities for their use in various fields, such as catalysis and biotechnology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Assembly of Molecular Brushes with Polyimide Backbone and Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Side Chains in Selective Solvents

et al. 2020

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Three-component molecular brushes with a polyimide backbone and amphiphilic block copolymer side chains with different contents of the “inner” hydrophilic (poly(methacrylic acid)) and “outer” hydrophobic (poly(methyl methacrylate)) blocks were synthesized and characterized by molecular hydrodynamics and optics methods in solutions of chloroform, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran and ethanol. The peculiarity of the studied polymers is the amphiphilic structure of the grafted chains. The molar masses of the molecular brushes were determined by static and dynamic light scattering in chloroform in which polymers form molecularly disperse solutions. Spontaneous self-assembly of macromolecules was detected in dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran and ethanol. The aggregates size depended on the thermodynamic quality of the solvent as well as on the macromolecular architectural parameters. In dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran, the distribution of hydrodynamic radii of aggregates was bimodal, while in ethanol, it was unimodal. Moreover, in ethanol, an increase in the poly(methyl methacrylate) content caused a decrease in the hydrodynamic radius of aggregates. A significant difference in the nature of the blocks included in the brushes determines the selectivity of the used solvents, since their thermodynamic quality with respect to the blocks is different. The macromolecules of the studied graft copolymers tend to self-organization in selective solvents with formation of a core–shell structure with an insoluble solvophobic core surrounded by the solvophilic shell of side chains.

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Mixed Polymer Brushes for “Smart” Surfaces

Cited by 57 publications

References 183 publications

Rapid High‐Resolution 3D Printing and Surface Functionalization via Type I Photoinitiated RAFT Polymerization

Rapid High‐Resolution 3D Printing and Surface Functionalization via Type I Photoinitiated RAFT Polymerization

Enhanced Specific Mechanism of Separation by Polymeric Membrane Modification—A Short Review

Self-Assembly of Molecular Brushes with Polyimide Backbone and Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Side Chains in Selective Solvents

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