Mixed-Mode Operation of Hybrid Phase-Change Nanophotonic Circuits

Abstract

Phase change materials (PCMs) are highly attractive for nonvolatile electrical and all-optical memory applications because of unique features such as ultrafast and reversible phase transitions, long-term endurance, and high scalability to nanoscale dimensions. Understanding their transient characteristics upon phase transition in both the electrical and the optical domains is essential for using PCMs in future multifunctional optoelectronic circuits. Here, we use a PCM nanowire embedded into a nanophotonic circuit to study switching dynamics in mixed-mode operation. Evanescent coupling between light traveling along waveguides and a phase-change nanowire enables reversible phase transition between amorphous and crystalline states. We perform time-resolved measurements of the transient change in both the optical transmission and resistance of the nanowire and show reversible switching operations in both the optical and the electrical domains. Our results pave the way toward on-chip multifunctional optoelectronic integrated devices, waveguide integrated memories, and hybrid processing applications.

Metasurface with Nanostructured Ge2Sb2Te5 as a Platform for Broadband‐Operating Wavefront Switch

“…Additionally, the reconfigurable phase change process of GST (amorphous to crystalline and vice versa) is known to be achieved within nanosecond time scale through illumination of ultra‐short pulsed heat source such as laser pulse signal . Hence, our proposed platform is highly expected to be applicable as an all‐optical switch that is enormously on demand to overcome bottleneck of optical signal processing throughput . Since all‐optical switching devices require ultra‐fast switching time, low‐power consumption, small foot‐print, and low SNR, our device is a potent candidate for state‐of‐the‐art all‐optical switch .…”

Phase-change devices for simultaneous optical-electrical applications

“…In addition to such interesting application areas for simultaneous electrical and optical operation of phase-change devices, the ability to access both excitation and detection modes at the same time should prove useful in clarifying some unresolved aspects of the switching process in phase-change devices, such as the role of heat and the electric field on the so-called threshold-switching mechanism 21 .…”

Cogging torque comparison of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators with different stator windings

“…Over the last decades the adequate use of renewable energy resources towards a sustainable development has been one of the most important issues faced by the scientific community [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In this context, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines have acquired great significance in the field of electrical drives and renewable energies, especially because of their great advantages in comparison with machines of the traditional type [17].…”