Mixed Mobile Phases and Pressure Programming in Packed and Capillary Column Supercritical Fluid Chromatography: A Unified Approach

Evolution and Current Trends in Liquid and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

“…Albeit numerous system improvements have been described by Widmer [261][262][263][264], they were not able to overcome a serious lack of robustness and reproducibility. This has somewhat limited its use for analytical purpose as well as in the pharmaceutical industry where it has remained in the shadow of LC considered today as a reference technique.…”

Separation of single component of EPA and DHA from fish oil using silver ion modified molecular sieve 13X under supercritical condition

“…In early experiments, particularly with capillary chromatography, the most frequently employed operating variable was a pressure gradient, which has been approached from both theoretical [21,22] and practical viewpoints [23]. These gradients supplied gradual eluent strength throughout the run [24]. If the advantages of low and high pressure are combined, it is possible to obtain EPA-EE and DHA-EE with higher purity.…”

Applications of Supercritical Fluids in Industrial Analysis

“…Cooled pump heads and cooled check valves increased the pumping efficiency and stabilized the flow of carbon dioxide (Figure 2.3). The cooling was obtained by drilling cooling channels in the pump heads or by clamp-on heat exchangers with circulating cold solvents, as with the Altex Model 110A (Mourier et al, 1985a), the Varian 5500 (Mourier et al, 1985b), the Perkin-Elmer Series 10 (Simpson et al, 1986), the Waters Model590 (Greibrokk et al, 1987), the Gilson Model303 (Giorgetti et al, 1989), the Jeol Cap-Go 3 (Saito and Takeuchi, 1989), the Hewlett-Packard Model 1050 (Berger and Deye, 1990), the Milton Roy CP-3000 (Huang and Morgan, 1990), and the Shimadzu LC-6A , or by the enclosure of pump heads, valves and mixers in a box with a circulating cold solvent, as with the Jasco Familic 300 S . The cooling is needed to allow the check valves and the piston to work with a liquid of low compressibility.…”