Mixed infection of phytoplasma and begomovirus associated with leaf curling and witches’ broom disease of Zinnia elegans in India

Rihne, Tasou; Mitra, Surabhi; Bahadur, Anant; Panda, Pradeep Kumar; Banyal, Namita; Rao, G. P.

doi:10.1007/s42360-020-00200-7

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The 16SrI-B and 16SrII-D subgroup, reported in rose balsam and weeds have already been reported as a major widespread phytoplasma strains infecting several important crops viz. vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, legumes, and spices in India (Kumar et al 2017;Mitra et al 2019;Rao et al 2019;Panda et al 2020;Rihne et al 2020;Rao 2021). This study also suggested the role of S. verticillata and C. sativa weeds growing around the I. balsamina nurseries in Gorakhpur and Faizabad locations which may act as a natural host reservoir for the transmission of 16SrII-D phytoplasmas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multilocus gene analysis reveals the presence of two phytoplasma groups in Impatiens balsamina showing flat stem and phyllody

2021

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Rose balsam (Impatiens balsamina) is an important ornamental species grown worldwide for its attractive flowers and also having medicinal properties. Flat stem, little leaf, and phyllody symptoms were observed in I. balsamina nurseries in Uttar Pradesh and Tripura states of India during surveys from 2018 to 2020, with an incidence from 6 to 27%. Amplicons of ~ 1.2 kb were amplified in all the tested symptomatic samples of I. balsamina using universal phytoplasma primer pairs from different surveyed locations, but not from the asymptomatic plants. Pairwise sequence comparison, phylogeny, and virtual RFLP analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences identified the phytoplasmas as 16SrI-B subgroup strain from Tripura (Lembucherra) and 16SrII-D subgroup strain from Uttar Pradesh (Gorakhpur and Faizabad). Phytoplasma presence and identity was further confirmed by amplifying secA, rp, secY, and tuf genes. This is the first report of 16SrI-B and 16SrII-D phytoplasmas detection in I. balsamina in the world.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus gene analysis reveals the presence of two phytoplasma groups in Impatiens balsamina showing flat stem and phyllody

2021

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“…Therefore both phytoplasmas and geminiviruses cause significant losses for growers by infecting ornamental plants, which are a major source of income for small farmers in particular. Mixed infections also often display both phytoplasmas and geminiviruses (Rihne et al, 2020). Thus the interaction of phytoplasma and begomovirus with ornamental plants for their proper management is very important to consider.…”

Section: Tagetes Erecta L (Marigold) Family: Asteraceaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…: Diseases of Phytoplasma found on Ornamental Plants. also often display both phytoplasmas and geminiviruses(Rihne et al, 2020).With 2.49 lakh ha of floriculture land and the production of 1659 million tonnes of loose flowers and 484 million tonnes of cut flowers, the floriculture sector is making rapid progress in India. India exported dry flowers, cut flowers, foliage and branches, plants, seeds or planting material and other flower items in 2014-15 (APEDA) to a tune of Rs.…”

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Association of Phytoplasma and Begomovirus With Some Ornamental Plants: A Review

Ahmad¹,

Khan²

2021

PLANT ARCHIVES

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In recent years, the development of the floriculture sector has received rising attention, particularly for the benefit of small-scale agricultural enterprises producing domestic seedlings of perennial ornamental plants and for export to neighbouring countries. Plant diseases, including those associated with phytoplasma infections and plant viruses, are affected by this industry, as are other sectors of the agricultural economy.In a number of commercial cut flowers and ornamental plants, phytoplasma and plant virus infection causes diseases, causing major economic losses globally.Therefore, phytoplasma and plant virus diseases are the key constraints in the production of lucrative ornamental plants and lower their quantum and quality, gaining international importance due to unspecific symptoms, different losses and complex epidemiology around the world. These disease epidemics forced the removal of several varieties of floricultural plants such as gladiolus, lily, chrysanthemum and rose from cultivation. In various ornamental plants in botanical gardens and various floriculture farms, symptoms of general yellowing as well as plant stunting, shoot proliferation, phyllody, virescence, lower cost of flowers and reddening of leaves were observed. The prevalent mode of distribution of plant viruses is vector transmission, vegetative propagation or seed, although in some cases, viruses are transmitted by mechanical contact. Begomoviruses in economically important ornamental plants, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions, are among the most dangerous epidemic-causing pathogens, but phytoplasmas of ornamental plants have been widely distributed geographically. Information on phytoplasma and begomovirus infecting ornamental plants has been addressed in this study

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“…Several reports are available on pests and diseases in Zinnia (Farr & Rossman, 2022). Rihne et al (2020) reported the occurrence of 'Ca. P. asteris' and begomovirus in zinnia (Z. elegans) leaf curl and witches' broom symptoms from India.…”

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Molecular detection of ‘Candidatus phytoplasma aurantifolia’ associated with virescence and phyllody of Zinnia peruviana: A new record for India

Mahadevakumar,

Sarma,

Danteswari

et al. 2024

Journal of Phytopathology

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Zinnia peruviana (Asteraceae) is an annual flowering plant cultivated in various gardens of Mysore, the south of Karnataka state, India. During 2021, phytoplasma‐like symptoms such as virescence and phyllody were observed on Zinnia in Mysore local gardens. A total of 10 symptomatic and five asymptomatic samples were collected, and the DNA was amplified by PCR using primers specific to 16S RNA and secA genes. The nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the 16S RNA and SecA gene sequences were most similar to those of ‘Ca. P. aurantifolia’, with identities greater than 99%. The phytoplasma sequence from this study shared a common clade with ‘Ca. P. aurantifolia’ when phylogenetic analysis was done. Similarly, the reference sequences for the 16S rRNA and SecA region confirmed the identity of the phytoplasma associated with the leaves of Zinnia. This is the new host record for ‘Ca. P. aurantifolia’ (16SrII‐D) phytoplasma associated with Z. peruviana from India.

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Mixed infection of phytoplasma and begomovirus associated with leaf curling and witches’ broom disease of Zinnia elegans in India

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Multilocus gene analysis reveals the presence of two phytoplasma groups in Impatiens balsamina showing flat stem and phyllody

Multilocus gene analysis reveals the presence of two phytoplasma groups in Impatiens balsamina showing flat stem and phyllody

Association of Phytoplasma and Begomovirus With Some Ornamental Plants: A Review

Molecular detection of ‘Candidatus phytoplasma aurantifolia’ associated with virescence and phyllody of Zinnia peruviana: A new record for India

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