Mixed hemimicelles solid-phase extraction based on cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-coated nano-magnets Fe3O4 for the determination of chlorophenols in environmental water samples coupled with liquid chromatography/spectrophotometry detection

Abstract

Mixed hemimicelles solid-phase extraction (SPE) based on cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-coated nano-magnets Fe 3 O 4 was investigated for the preconcentration of four chlorophenols (CPs) in environmental water samples prior to HPLC-spectrophotometry determination in this paper. By the rapid isolating (about 5 min) of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) through placing a Nd-Fe-B strong magnet on the bottom of beaker, the time-consuming preconcentration process of loading large volume sample in conversional SPE method with a column can be avoided. The unique properties of Fe 3 O 4 NPs such as high surface area and strong magnetism were utilized adequately in the SPE process. This novel separation method produced a high preconcentration rate and factor. A comprehensive study of the adsorption conditions such as the Fe 3 O 4 NPs zeta-potential, CTAB added amounts, pH value, standing time and maximal extraction volume was also presented. Under optimized conditions, four analytes of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) were quantitatively extracted. The method was then used to determine four CPs in five real environmental water samples. High concentration factors (700) were achieved for each of the analytes, with observed detection limits ranging between 0.11 and 0.15 g L −1 . The accuracy of method was evaluated by recovery measurements on spiked samples. Good recovery results (83-98%) with satisfactory relative standard deviation (RSD) were achieved. It is important to note that satisfactory preconcentration factors and extraction recoveries for the four CPs were obtained with only a little amount of Fe 3 O 4 NPs (0.1 g) and CTAB (60 mg). To the best of our knowledge, this was the first time a mixed hemimicelles SPE method based on Fe 3 O 4 NPs magnetic separation had been used for the pretreatment of environmental water samples.

Removal of fluoride from aqueous media by Fe3O4@Al(OH)3 magnetic nanoparticles

“…However, due to their small particle size, isolation of nanosized adsorbents from matrices is difficult for practical application. Magnetic nanosized adsorbents overcome the shortcoming of nonmagnetic nanomaterials and are very promising for application in the field of preconcentration and removal pollutants from environmental samples [19][20][21][22][23].…”

Mixed-Hemimicelle Solid Phase Extraction Followed by Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction of Amphetamines from Biological Samples

“…29,30 Furthermore, several SPE methods based on surfactant-coated Fe 3 O 4 particles have been reported. [31][32][33] In the SPE technique based on mixed-hemimicelles (MHSPE), sorbent is obtained by coating of the magnetic sorbents with ionic surfactants through electrostatic adsorption. Different structures, including hemimicelles and admicelles, could be formed on the surface of nanoparticle according to ionic surfactant amounts.…”

Fast Removal and Recovery of Methylene Blue by Activated Carbon Modified with Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

“…10 Several papers reporting the use of magnetic adsorbents for removal, separation and determination of nonmagnetic targets have so far been published. 3,5,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] At present, considerable attention is being paid to SPE as a way to isolate and preconcentrate desired components from a sample matrix. SPE offers an excellent alternative to the conventional sample preparation methods.…”

“…Therefore, this adsorbent could adsorb dye which could then be separated in a magnetic field. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Large quantities of MB ( Fig. 1) is used in some medical applications, paper coloring, cotton and wool dyeing, coating for paper stocks, etc.…”