Mixed Convection Characteristics of Ethylene Glycol and Water Mixture Based Al2O3 Nanofluids

Abstract

-Mixed convection of ethylene glycol (EG) and water mixture based Al2O3 nanofluids in a lid-driven square enclosure heated from the left wall and cooled from the top wall was investigated numerically in this study. The Grashof number was kept at a constant value of 10 4 . Reynolds number was assumed to vary in a range so that the Richardson number gets values in the range of 0.1 to 10. Three different nanoparticle volume fractions were considered: 0%, 4% and 8%. Six different volume ratios of EG to water were taken into consideration, 0:100 %, 20:80 %, 40:60%, 60:40%, 80:20% and 100:0%. The results show that an increase in the average Nusselt number is seen with an increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles and with a decrease in the Richardson number. The results also show that average Nuselt number shows a considerable increase with an increase of EG volume fraction in the base fluid.

Stability analysis of electrical magneto hydrodynamic stagnation point flow of Ag-Cu/water hybrid nanofluid over a permeable stretching/shrinking slendering sheet: Entropy generation

“…Thermal conductivity (k), density (ρ), the electrical conductivity (σ) and specific heat (C p ), of base fluids and nanoparticles are as follows. 40 Physical properties (Cu) ( Ag)…”

Entropy generation on biomagnetic gold-copper/blood hybrid nanofluid flow driven by electrokinetic force in a horizontal irregular channel with bioconvection phenomenon

“…In the current scenario, with improvements in modern technology, nanofluids play an essential role in various engineering and scientific applications due to the improvement in the interpretation of heat transfer mechanisms for sufficient cooling. [20][21][22][23][24] Choi and Eastman 25 was the first person to introduce the concept of nanofluid in 1995. Nanofluids are innovative fluids that combine metallic or non-metallic millimeter-sized components with base liquids, including water, lubricants, biofluids, ethylene glycol, and motor oils.…”

Entropy Generation Analysis on MHD Flow with a Binary Mixture of Ethylene Glycol and Water Based Silver-Graphene Hybrid Nanoparticles in Automotive Cooling Systems

“…Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and water are usually taken as single base liquids in nanofluids, but the combination of the two liquids has the advantage of two pure compounds. The combination of the two liquids has a lower freezing point than water and higher thermal conductivity than pure glycol [23,24]. Therefore, useful applications of glycol-water areas transfer media in antifreeze or solar heating installations in car engines [25].…”

“…Density (ρ), specific heat (Cp), thermal conductivity (k) and thermal expansion coefficient (βT) of base fluids and nanoparticles[24] …”