Mixed community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised patients

Roux, A de; Ewig, Santiago; García, Elisa; Marcos, María Ángeles; Mensa, Josep; Lode, H.; Torres, Antoni

doi:10.1183/09031936.06.00058605

Cited by 88 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…pneumoniae was the most common aetiological agent in both nonviral and mixed CAP, in accordance with other recent studies [17]. RVs, led by rhinovirus, represented the second cause of CAP.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Virological diagnosis in community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompromised patients

Serra

Cervera²,

Pumarola³

et al. 2008

European Respiratory Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a serious lower respiratory tract infection associated with significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. The present study evaluated the clinical spectrum of CAP in immunocompromised hosts and the role of respiratory viruses, as well as the yield of viral diagnostic methods.Conventional microbiological tests were routinely performed in immunocompromised patients with CAP. Nasopharyngeal swabs were processed for respiratory viruses by indirect immunofluorescence assay, cell culture and PCR. Four groups were defined according to aetiology of CAP, as follows: group 1 (nonviral), group 2 (mixed, nonviral and viral), group 3 (only viral) and group 4 (unknown aetiology).Over a 1-yr period, 92 patients were included. An aetiological diagnosis was achieved in 61 (66%) patients: 38 (41%), group 1; 12 (13%), group 2; and 11 (12%), group 3. The most frequent pathogen detected was Streptococcus pneumoniae (n529, 48%), followed by rhinovirus (n511, 18%). PCR identified 95% of respiratory viruses. Clinical characteristics could not reliably distinguish among the different aetiological groups.Respiratory viruses represent a substantial part of the aetiologies of community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompromised patients and its routine assessment through PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs should be considered in the clinical care of these patients.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Virological diagnosis in community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompromised patients

Serra

Cervera²,

Pumarola³

et al. 2008

European Respiratory Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is in accordance with a recent study specifically addressing mixed aetiologies in patients with CAP [25]. Variations in primarily involved bacterial pathogens according to antigenic subtypes may be explained by differences in pathogenicity factors [26,27].…”

Section: Respiratory Infections H Von Baum Et Alsupporting

confidence: 78%

How deadly is seasonal influenza-associated pneumonia? The German Competence Network for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Baum¹,

Schweiger²,

Welte³

et al. 2010

European Respiratory Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The reported incidences of polymicrobial etiology range from 5.7% to 38.4% (7,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Polymicrobial infections accounted for 9.2% of all infections in the present study and were associated with severe CAP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Etiology and Factors Contributing to the Severity and Mortality of Community-acquired Pneumonia

Ishiguro¹,

Takayanagi²,

Yamaguchi³

et al. 2013

Intern. Med.

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains a major cause of death. No studies have reported the use of rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDT) for the etiological diagnosis, and the factors contributing to severity and mortality have not yet been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to review the etiologies of CAP using RIDT and to identify risk factors related to the severity and mortality of the disease. Methods This retrospective study assessed these factors in hospitalized patients, with special emphasis on microbial etiology. Results A total of 1,032 patients aged 63.9±18.3 years were studied, 66.2% of whom were men. Microbial identification was obtained in 57.0% of the cases. The most frequent causative microbial agents were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and the influenza virus, and the second most frequent pathogens in the patients with severe CAP and the non-survivors were S. pneumoniae and the influenza virus. Age (! 65 years), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, dementia and Legionella spp. infection and polymicrobial infection were each found to be independent factors related to severity in the multivariate analysis, whereas "unidentified pathogen" was found to be an independent factor for non-severe CAP. Age (! 65 years), chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, post-lung cancer surgery and severe CAP were found to be independent factors for non-survival according to a multivariate analysis. Conclusion In addition to S. pneumoniae, the influenza virus was a frequent cause of CAP overall and a frequent causative pathogen in both severe cases of CAP and non-survivors. Legionella spp. infection and polymicrobial infection were found to be an independent factor for the severity of CAP along with advanced age and certain comorbidities. An advanced age, certain respiratory comorbidities and severe CAP were found to be important independent factors for the mortality of CAP.

show abstract

Mixed community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised patients

Cited by 88 publications

References 21 publications

Virological diagnosis in community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompromised patients

Virological diagnosis in community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompromised patients

How deadly is seasonal influenza-associated pneumonia? The German Competence Network for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Etiology and Factors Contributing to the Severity and Mortality of Community-acquired Pneumonia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About